The Church Fathers on this verse

Genesis 34:30Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And when they had boldly perpetrated these things, Jacob said to Simeon and Levi: You have troubled me, and made me hateful to the Chanaanites and Pherezites, the inhabitants of this land. We are few: they will gather themselves together and kill me; and both I, and my house shall be destroyed.

Douay-Rheims

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יַעֲקֹ֜ב אֶל־שִׁמְע֣וֹן וְאֶל־לֵוִי֮ עֲכַרְתֶּ֣ם אֹתִי֒ לְהַבְאִישֵׁ֙נִי֙ בְּיֹשֵׁ֣ב הָאָ֔רֶץ בַּֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י וּבַפְּרִזִּ֑י וַאֲנִי֙ מְתֵ֣י מִסְפָּ֔ר וְנֶאֶסְפ֤וּ עָלַי֙ וְהִכּ֔וּנִי וְנִשְׁמַדְתִּ֖י אֲנִ֥י וּבֵיתִֽי׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

4 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

Let us examine how the actions of his sons impacted the elder. Jacob expressed, “You, Simeon and Levi, have caused me distress, making me loathsome to the people of this land.” He questioned their motives, asking what prompted them to carry out such retribution. Their actions would undoubtedly incite profound animosity from the inhabitants against him. He further revealed his apprehension by stating, “I have but a few men; they will unite against me and strike me, and I along with my household will be annihilated.” It was as if he implied, “Are you not aware of our small numbers, and that we could easily endure the same fate you have inflicted upon them? Just as Shechem brought devastation upon my father and the entire city, your actions do the same to me. It is because of you that I will be hated, and nothing will shield me from their attempts to kill me due to your recklessness.”

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

Levi and Simeon, driven by rage over the violation of their sister Dinah by Emmor, the son of Shechem, mercilessly slaughtered the inhabitants of Shechem. This act of brutality filled their father Jacob with dread, fearing imminent ruin for himself and his entire household. He rebuked them, lamenting, “You have made me loathsome, for it is harmful to me to be...” He expressed his concern about their dwindling number, stating that they risked being destroyed by the gathered opposition.

Read more (319 words)

In their fury over the perceived injustice, Simeon and Levi, the brothers of Dinah, devised a cruel retaliation against those who had dishonored their sister. They convinced the men of Shechem to undergo circumcision, a rite upheld by their heritage, only to subsequently carry out their planned massacre without mercy (Genesis 34:1-29). Jacob's anger was profound, as he scolded them, saying, “You have offended me, rendering me detestable to the inhabitants of this land.” Their violent response was disproportionate to the actual wrongdoing, reflecting a departure from the righteous upbringing they had received. Instead of seeking justice through God’s guidance, they resorted to plunder and violence against those who aligned themselves with the offending party.

What lessons can we derive from this event? The Scriptures, inspired by God, are filled with meaningful truths. By his grace, we are born anew, becoming children of God through Christ. Therefore, if a soul, reborn through holy Baptism and claimed as a child of God, finds itself tainted by harmful influences or tempted to entertain carnal thoughts that distort the understanding of God (including the false teachings of heretics), those in positions of spiritual authority, like Levi, or those who embody obedience, like Simeon, should rise to defend their brethren in faith. However, they must refrain from violence and revenge against those who inflict harm. Otherwise, they risk hearing Christ's admonition, “You have made me detestable because I have harmed all those who dwell on the earth.” It’s essential to remember that even Jesus reprimanded Peter when he drew his sword, instructing him to “Put your sword back in its place, for all who draw the sword will die by the sword” (Matthew 26:52). Those committed to righteousness should not resort to weapons against their adversaries; instead, they are called to show patience. Even amid persecution, they should bless those who insult them, endure hardships, and entrust their cause to the just Judge.

Ambrose of Milan

4th centuryChurch Father

Who could possess greater wisdom than St. James, who encountered God directly and received His blessing? Who could be more just than the one who generously shared his divine gifts with his brother? Who could show more bravery than the one who contended with God Himself? Who could exhibit more self-control than he who consistently practiced restraint, choosing to shield his daughter from the shame inflicted by her marriage instead of seeking retribution, because he believed that, in the company of strangers, it was wiser to foster love rather than nurture hatred?

Ignatij (Briantchaninow)

19th centuryChurch Father

Jacob had spent a considerable amount of time in Canaan. His cherished wife Rachel had tragically passed away while giving birth to their second son, Benjamin. Jacob had endured numerous hardships, largely caused by his aggressive sons, who treated the promised land as if it were won through force.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.