The Church Fathers on this verse

Hosea 14:7Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

His branches shall spread, and his glory shall be as the olive tree: and his smell as that of Libanus.

Douay-Rheims

יֵֽלְכוּ֙ יֹֽנְקוֹתָ֔יו וִיהִ֥י כַזַּ֖יִת הוֹד֑וֹ וְרֵ֥יחַֽ ל֖וֹ כַּלְּבָנֽוֹן׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

4 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

In the beginning, it is noted that the olive tree will yield an abundance of fruit, consistently blooming and rich in produce, as is characteristic of this plant. Its aroma is reminiscent of Lebanon, which is renowned for its pleasant fragrance. Consequently, the Law of Moses regarded it as set apart for God, as it frequently instructed that the incense used in offerings should be infused with the scent of Lebanon. Thus, the fruit produced by the called-out ones will be aromatic and pleasing, serving as a sacrifice to a loving and benevolent God.

Ephraem the Syrian

4th centuryChurch Father

The limbs of this tree will extend, resembling an olive tree... and they will dwell beneath His shelter, which signifies the protection of the Lord.

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

I will heal their wounds; I will shower them with my love, for my anger has been set aside. I will be like the dew. Israel will bloom like the lily and establish its roots akin to those of Lebanon. Its branches will extend, and its splendor will resemble the olive tree, with its fragrance akin to that of Lebanon. Those who found shelter beneath its shade will return, thriving in abundance, and will flourish like the vine; its legacy will be reminiscent of the wine from Lebanon. Why should I, Ephraim, concern myself with idols? I will hear and uplift him as a lush fir tree, for from Me the fruit is yours. I will comfort my people; I will love them openly, for my wrath has been turned away from them; I will be as refreshing as the dew.

Read more (1006 words)

Israel will thrive like the lily and root itself as Lebanon does. Its branches will stretch forth, and it will embody a fruitful olive tree, with its fragrance evoking Lebanon. They shall return and find rest in its shade; they shall partake and be satisfied with abundance, and Ephraim will flourish like the vine; his memory will be like the wine of Lebanon. What purpose do idols serve for him? I have brought humility upon him, and I will strengthen him. I will be like a robust juniper tree; from Me, you shall bear fruit. When they embraced repentance and acknowledged the Father they had abandoned, God responded with grace, restoring their brokenness—whether in their communities where they suffered, or in their lives marked by adversity. I will love them according to the favor I have freely given them. The Lord cherishes those who cherish Him, as it is written, "I love them that love Me" (Proverbs 8:17). I, who once held anger against them for their transgressions, will now extend mercy because of my goodness. I will refresh them as the dew, allowing it to extinguish the flames of Babylon’s furnace and the heat of the crucible. I had previously conveyed to my servant Jacob through the patriarch Isaac: “By the dew of heaven shall your dwelling be” (Genesis 27:39). Just as He is light, way, truth, bread, vine, fire, shepherd, lamb, and door for believers, so for those yearning for His mercy and burdened by their sins, He transforms into dew. Isaiah spoke of this: "The dew that comes from You is their healing" (Isaiah 26:19). Furthermore, Moses proclaimed in Deuteronomy: "Let my words come down like dew" (Deuteronomy 32:2). When the Lord anoints us with His dew and His rains alleviate the dryness of our hearts, we will flourish, blooming like the lily, akin to our Savior, who declares in the Song of Songs, "I am the flower of the field, and the lily of the valleys" (Song of Songs 2:1). To His unblemished bride, He says, “As the lily among thorns, so is my beloved among the daughters” (Song of Songs 2:2). As we grow in the Lord, we will take root like the majestic cedars of Lebanon, whose roots extend deep into the earth as their heights soar toward the sky, holding firm against all storms. The branches of these trees spread wide, providing sanctuary for the birds of heaven. Yet, to prevent the misunderstanding that the words refer merely to roots emerging, it is essential to recognize the righteous who turn to the Lord are likened to the fruitful olive tree, as expressed in another psalm: "But I am like an olive tree in the house of God" (Psalm 51:10). Its fruit nourished the five wise virgins; it soothes wounds, rejuvenates the ailing, dispels darkness, and is used for anointing in competition. From this olive will emanate a fragrance akin to that of Lebanon, or incense—indicating both the mountain and the fragrant offering—calling to mind Lebanon, a land rich and verdant, adorned with dense foliage, whereby the olive proclaims: "We are the fragrance of Christ" (2 Corinthians 2:15). Those who turn to the Lord will reap the rewards of their conversion—finding solace in His shadow, exclaiming, "Under His shadow I will sit, and His fruit is sweet to my taste" (Song of Songs 2:3). Those who were previously lifeless will find rejuvenation under His wings, as the Septuagint suggests; they shall partake and find abundance in all things. Here, intoxication signifies not a loss of reason, but fullness in all aspects, confirmed by the subsequent verse: "You have visited the earth and have satisfied it" (Psalm 64:10). Joseph is also said to have nourished his brothers at a feast (Genesis 43). The Lord invites His disciples, saying, "Eat, my friends; drink and be filled, my brethren" (Song 5:1). Thus, as our Lord embodies the wheat and the vine, all who believe in Him partake as those who drink. Henceforth, they will blossom like the vine, and their remembrance shall be as the wine of Lebanon. This wine, spiced and aromatic, may represent the offering presented in the Lord’s temple, which Zechariah refers to as Lebanon: “Open, O Lebanon, your doors” (Zechariah 11:1). As such abundance is granted to you, Ephraim, who seeks repentance and has begun to belong to Me, abandon your idols and dismantle your graven images; for I have humbled you, and I will uplift you, or I will hear you and elevate you like a flourishing fir tree, as the Hebrew text of the psalm remarks: "The fir tree is His dwelling place" (Psalm 103:17). Alternatively, I will be like a resilient juniper, offering you shade to find rest beneath. Solomon, as translated in the Septuagint, crafted the temple's doors from juniper trees, for Christ, through whom we approach the Father, continually bears fruit, flourishing eternally green. This juniper tree provides sustenance, allowing those who find refuge beneath its branches to escape the harsh elements of this world, shielding them from the scorching sun that once afflicted Jonah (Jonah 4). It not only grants rest to those who seek refuge under it but also nourishes those who partake of its fruit. Every interpretation we have shared, concerning the coming of our Savior and the genuine conversion of Israel, similarly applies to heretics, Jews, Gentiles, and all errant doctrines, ensuring that those who repent shall be forgiven. While the fullness of the promise was realized in the advent of the Savior and is continuously fulfilled within the Church, we must hold fast to the belief that it will be realized in even greater fullness when perfection arrives and when that which is partial is no longer (1 Corinthians 13:10). It is crucial to understand, as we have often reflected, that the deliverance of Israel, its turn towards the Lord, and its liberation from bondage, must not be interpreted in a corporeal sense, as the Jews mistakenly presume, but rather in a spiritual context—a truth that is indisputably supported.

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

Its branches shall extend outward. He also predicts the outcomes of piety. He will resemble an olive tree, and his fragrance will be akin to that of Lebanon. Furthermore, He reveals the cause of these blessings.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.