The Church Fathers on this verse

Isaiah 38:18Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

For hell shall not confess to thee, neither shall death praise thee: nor shall they that go down into the pit, look for thy truth.

Douay-Rheims

כִּ֣י לֹ֥א שְׁא֛וֹל תּוֹדֶ֖ךָּ מָ֣וֶת יְהַלְלֶ֑ךָּ לֹֽא־יְשַׂבְּר֥וּ יֽוֹרְדֵי־ב֖וֹר אֶל־אֲמִתֶּֽךָ׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

5 Church Fathers comment on this verse · 6 commentaries

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

Individuals who fail to honor God are akin to the deceased; in fact, they may be in a worse state, as those who do not acknowledge God are regarded as lifeless and concealed in the grave. Hezekiah held a belief in the resurrection, stating that it is not the realm of the dead that glorifies You, nor death that offers praise, nor the spirits that dwell in the grave that rely on Your truth. Yet, those who pass away in sin resemble those who have rotted in the ground, lacking the blessing of life.

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

The essence of the earlier expressions is reflected in the Psalmist's words, "What use is my blood, when I go down to decay, if the feather shall confess to thee, or declare thy wonders?" (Psalm 29:10). Those who have passed into the realm of the dead may no longer offer praises to God; they cannot contribute anything further to their deeds and find themselves entrapped in their past actions, awaiting the day of judgment. Thus, the Psalmist asserts that it is only the living, those who have the chance to perform righteous acts and are in God's favor, who can bless Him as I do. He conveys a promise to raise up descendants who will proclaim the truth of God.

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Some interpret his statements as a commitment to establish a celebration filled with songs, placing skilled psalmists in the divine temple. Others, contemplating deeper mysteries, suggest that Hezekiah, in his lofty thoughts, envisioned an everlasting kingdom and an eternal life, perhaps believing that the prophecies regarding Christ, the son of David, were applicable to himself. Consequently, despite ruling for fourteen years, it seems he had little concern for progeny. Yet, upon realizing the imminent end of his days, he turned his focus to those who would follow him, speaking of children who would declare the truth of the Lord. However, his declarations did not align with reality, for Manasseh, his son, proved to be a wicked and sinful king. Nevertheless, it was the intention of his father that Manasseh should be righteous and serve as a proclaimer of God’s glory to others.

Athanasius the Great

4th centuryChurch Father

Only those who adhere to this way of life and achieve such spiritual maturity are able to offer praise to God, and this should be recognized as an authentic feast, a genuine celebration. It is not the allure of physical appearance, the elegance of attire (1 Tim. 2:9), or the mere observance of ritualistic days that designates this feast, but rather a heart directed towards God and the offering of thanksgiving through glorifying Him. This is a privilege reserved for the saints who have dwelled in Christ, for it is written, Neither shall the dead praise the Lord, nor all that go down to the grave; but we will bless the Lord from henceforth and forever (Psalm 113:25).

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Similarly, Hezekiah, upon his deliverance from death, praised God: For it is not the underworld that glorifies You, nor death that praises You, nor those who are in the grave who trust in Your truth. The living, only the living will praise You, as I do now.

Ephraem the Syrian

4th centuryChurch Father

For it is not the realm of the dead that will honor You, nor will death offer You praise according to the Slavonic Scriptures: ‘They who dwell in the depths will not sing Your praises, nor will those who face death give You glory, nor will the spirits in the abyss expect Your grace. The voices of the departed are hushed in their tribute to You. Those who have entered the tomb cannot declare Your faithfulness, for all who rest in the grave are without the ability to speak.

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

Hell and death cannot offer confessions or offer praise to You as the Scripture states: For in death there is no remembrance of Thee: in the grave who shall praise Thee? (Psalm 6:6). Here, the term confession is not meant in the context of repentance but refers to adoration and glorification, as expressed in the Gospel: I praise You, Father, Lord of heaven and earth (Matthew 11:25). However, it is noted that those who reside not in the grave place their trust in Your truth. This is an improvement over the LXX: On mercy. For one who is confined in hell does not rely on the truth of judgment but rather on the compassion of God, particularly since the Savior descended into hell to liberate captives.

I will ponder the years weighed down by the anguish of my spirit. Lord, if this is the essence of life, and if this reflects the state of my soul, then correct me and refresh me. My grief is profoundly overwhelming in this world. Yet, You have saved my soul from destruction; You have borne all my transgressions upon Yourself. For it is not the realm of the dead that shall acknowledge You, nor will death offer You praise; nor will those who descend into the grave trust in Your faithfulness. Only those who live, only those who live will proclaim Your name, just as I do now. A father shall proclaim Your truth to his children. O Lord, rescue me, and we shall sing our praises in Your house all the days of our lives.

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The condition of humanity is fleeting, and any fleeting success is ultimately lost. When affliction strikes, the memories of better times offer no solace to the afflicted. Thus, the view of Epicurus is misguided, suggesting that reminiscing about past blessings eases current trials. Hezekiah expressed this when, in the midst of his distress, he reflected on the years of his reign, considering past blessings. Feeling safe now and removed from those difficulties, he contemplated the human experience and said, Lord, if this is how we exist, and this is our state at birth, You have indeed chastised me but also restored me. After the Assyrian had fled, You granted me peace; yet that peace weighed heavier upon me than any sorrow, for when the people were brought back to calmness and the city was at ease, I faced the shadow of death alone. But You have saved my soul from perishing, in this life and the next. You have lifted my sins from me so that I need not dwell on them despondently but can turn to Your mercy. The realm of the dead and death itself will not acknowledge or glorify You according to the scripture: In death there is no remembrance of You (Psalm 6:6). In this context, confession is not about repentance but about proclaiming Your majesty, as stated in the Gospel: I praise You, Father, Lord of heaven and earth (Matthew 11:25). He notes that those who sink into the grave have no trust in Your truth, but rather in Your mercy. For those in hell do not rely on the truth of Your judgment, yet place their hope in Your compassion, particularly since the Savior descended into the depths to liberate captives. The LXX more clearly refers to hell than merely the grave. Only the living will glorify You, as I now do. Here, confession replaces praise; for he acknowledges not his own wrongs but offers gratitude to God, and true praise is not found in the mouths of sinners (Sir 15:9). While hell and death do not acknowledge or glorify God, life and the living, conversely, give You praise. The subsequent phrase, A father shall declare Your truth to his children, echoes Deuteronomy: Ask your father, and he will inform you; ask your elders, and they will relate it (Deuteronomy 32:7), so that the goodness of God may be proclaimed through each generation. In the LXX, this is expressed as, For from now on I will produce sons who will declare Your righteousness. The conjunction here implies that the living, while they have life, will bless God, and from this moment, he will father sons to proclaim His truth. This was not within his power, as the prophet did not promise him sons, leaving the present life to him, particularly since he fathered the wicked Manasseh, who filled Jerusalem with blood and did not blessed God, but instead blasphemed Him, oppressing His saints. Thus, according to the LXX, we interpret his statement as meaning he would not beget sons, but παιδία, referring to either children or descendants, so that recognizing the mercy he received, all his progeny might give thanks for Your boundless compassion. Therefore, save me, O Lord, and we who believe in You and have been rescued by Your aid shall glorify You in the temple all the days of our lives.

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