The Church Fathers on this verse

Isaiah 60:8Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Who are these, that fly as clouds, and as doves to their windows?

Douay-Rheims

מִי־אֵ֖לֶּה כָּעָ֣ב תְּעוּפֶ֑ינָה וְכַיּוֹנִ֖ים אֶל־אֲרֻבֹּתֵיהֶֽם׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

7 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

Once again, we see the figure of the church, or spiritual Jerusalem, being presented. By divine command, it lifts its gaze from its surroundings and marvels at the countless individuals coming toward it and the vast number gathered within it through faith. "Who are these," the church asks, "who fly like clouds and like doves with their young?" For it is not just the elders who ascend in faith, but also the youth alongside them, fathers along with their children, and mothers together with their daughters. The reach of the gospel message spans all generations, as indicated in the Psalms: "young men and maidens, old men and children, let them praise the name of the Lord" (Psalm 148:12, 13).

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It is noted that they do not approach carelessly; rather, they soar as if quick and agile, casting aside earthly and base thoughts, ascending as though they were lifted from the sea, quickly rising above the distractions and pleasures of worldly life, and eagerly moving toward the ultimate heights.

While the church marvels at this great assembly of believers from all nations, the one who gathers them elucidates the reason for such an occurrence, proclaiming, "The isles are waiting for me, and the ships of Pharsis to bring thy children from afar, and their silver and gold with them." It is important to clarify that the term 'isles' does not refer to the physical land itself nor to the ships of Pharsis, but rather to the people who dwell on those islands. The Scriptures frequently refer to the Indian territories as Pharsis. Some, however, point to a city in Cyprus named Pharsis. Hence, when he mentions that the isles and those from the Indian lands await him, he is indicating their readiness to submit to the yoke he has set upon them, resulting in a gathering of believers from all corners.

Even from the most remote and heathen lands, many arrive, bearing the name of Christ and producing fruit for His glory from whatever their nations provide, which is said to be abundant in gold and silver. They come not as before to offer to lifeless idols and hoards of demons, but they present themselves to the holy name of the Lord, making offerings that are glorious because of the Holy One of Israel—not as two separate entities, but as one and the same, both Lord and Holy, and worthy of praise.

It should also be noted that cities adjacent to great and uninhabited deserts may likewise be called islands. If it were stated that these areas wait for the Lord, meaning they serve Him, we can understand that the inhabitants of remote and isolated regions will come in faith, offering to Christ not material wealth, but rather the most precious and commendable gifts they possess: faith and the shining example of every virtue. Such offerings must be those worthy of God and fit for spiritual worship, magnificent and admirable. As it is written in the Psalms about Christ, our Savior, "The kings of Pharsis and the isles shall bring gifts; the kings of Arabia and Saba shall offer presents; and all the kings of the earth shall worship him; all the nations shall serve him" (Psalm 71:10, 11).

Gregory of Nyssa

4th centuryChurch Father

The strength of righteousness can be understood in this way: symbolically, under the direction of the Law (with Moses serving as a representation of it), the Israelites traversed the sea without getting a single foot wet, while the Egyptians who pursued them were engulfed; each met their fate in accordance with their intrinsic nature: one moving forward with ease, while the other was overwhelmed by the depths. Righteousness is light and ascendent, as those who adhere to its principles soar like clouds, as noted by Isaiah, akin to doves with their young (Isaiah 60:8, LXX).

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In contrast, sin is burdensome, as a prophet remarks, burdened ‘over the talent of tin that sitteth.’ However, if anyone perceives such an interpretation of history as far-fetched or unsuitable, and rejects the notion that the miracle of the sea crossing serves our benefit, let them heed the Apostle's words that these events occurred as symbols; they were recorded for our edification, in light of the last days having come upon us (1 Cor 10:11).

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

Who are these that soar like clouds and like doves to their windows? For the islands long for Me, and the ships of the sea are prepared to bring your children from distant lands, along with their silver and gold, in the name of the Lord your God and the Holy One of Israel, for He has honored you. Who are these that fly like clouds and like doves with their young to Me? The islands have awaited My arrival, and the ships of Tarshish are ready to bring your children from far away, along with their silver and gold, for the sake of the holy name of the Lord, and because the Holy One of Israel has been honored.

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When the Lord ascended into Egypt on a light cloud and commanded the clouds through the prophets not to rain upon Israel, the Church, originally gathered from the people of the circumcision, marvels that a multitude from all nations rushes to it. Having received the wings of the Holy Spirit, they hasten, as noted by Symmachus and Theodotion, to their nestlings, and according to Aquila, to their thresholds, to join the Church. Likewise, teachers alongside their students, akin to doves with their young, come to the Church from the Gentile islands, which the prophets foretold were waiting for the Lord. Furthermore, the ships of Tarshish, as previously discussed in the vision of Tyre, will carry their children to the Church at the dawn of faith, bringing gold and silver. For with the heart one believes unto righteousness, and with the mouth one confesses unto salvation. Concerning this gold and silver, it is written in the sixtieth-seventh Psalm: "the wings of the dove are covered with silver, and her pinions with shimmering gold," and in the seventy-first Psalm: "the kings of Tarshish and the isles shall bring gifts; the kings of Sheba and Seba shall offer their gifts." All these offerings come in the name of the Lord God and the Holy One of Israel, who will be glorified.

Ambrose of Milan

4th centuryChurch Father

The soul is granted the ability to rise, as it is stated: Who are these that fly like clouds, and like doves to their dovecotes! (Is 60:8). This spiritual elevation allows the soul to traverse the entire earth in an instant. Truly, the thoughts of the wise are free to ascend, moving effortlessly from the lowest realms to the highest heights. Thus, they rise unhindered, liberated from any earthly constraints. Now, the wise soul, in pursuit of God—who embodies the divine image—will pause the progression of the heavenly chariot. In that pure celestial realm, uplifted by the power of spiritual wings and disregarding all worldly matters, the soul gazes upon everything that exists in this life, yearning for eternal virtues. For above this world soars justice, above this world remains purity, above this world exists goodness, and above this world lies wisdom. Although the soul dwells within this world, it is destined for the higher realms.

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

The Celebration of the Church teaches us that even those who are least inclined to comprehend will be enlightened by divine wisdom. It is indeed stated that only worthy offerings, those that are appropriate, shall be presented on the altar. The Church of God marvels at the vast number of believers gathering to her, resembling doves accompanied by their young. To grasp the significance of this gathering fully, one must consider it in the context of public feasts, those honoring the Lord, or commemorations of the holy martyrs.

Gregory the Great

6th centuryChurch Father

Spiritual Alertness Just as death penetrates our homes and enters our private spaces (Jer 9:21), so too does desire, passing through our physical senses, invade the sanctum of our thoughts. Isaiah illustrates this when he asks, Who are these that soar like clouds and like doves to their nests? (Is 60:8). The righteous are compared to clouds because they are elevated above the harmful influences of the world, and like doves returning to their nests, they are not swayed by greed and remain unaffected by earthly desires that might tempt them.

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The virtuous person, akin to a wise judge, governs their senses as if they were under his authority, perceives temptations before they arise, and in the face of threats, shuts the windows of his body to death by declaring, I have made a covenant with my eyes, that I should not think of a maiden (Job 31:1).

Vissarion (Nechaev)

19th centuryCommentator

The prophet gazes with his inner vision into the depths of the Mediterranean, observing vessels racing toward the shores of Palestine as swiftly as clouds propelled by the wind, accompanied by doves and their young. The Lord inquires, Who are these swiftly moving ships headed toward Me? and provides the answer: ....

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.