The Church Fathers on this verse

Job 14:2Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Who cometh forth like a flower, and is destroyed, and fleeth as a shadow, and never continueth in the same state.

Douay-Rheims

כְּצִ֣יץ יָ֭צָא וַיִּמָּ֑ל וַיִּבְרַ֥ח כַּ֝צֵּ֗ל וְלֹ֣א יַעֲמֽוֹד׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

4 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Hesychius of Jerusalem

5th centuryChurch Father

A person born of a woman has a brief existence, as he is destined to return to the ground (See Gen. 3:19). Regarding the phrase "filled with wrath," Job refers to the moment when humanity was given the mandate to obey (See Gen. 2:17) but chose to disobey (See Gen. 3:6). Like a flower that blooms only to wither away, humanity thrived in the garden of Eden, where each creature was named. However, it fell from grace when Adam succumbed to the serpent's temptation. In that instant, he fled like a shadow, hiding in his nakedness from God beneath the trees of the garden. When the Lord called out to him, “Adam, where are you?” (Gen. 3:9), he did not reveal himself. Thus, our hope was shattered.

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With man's expulsion from paradise, he lost all his blessings and met with total ruin; in one swift act, he was condemned, stripping us of the hope of judgment. For if there exists the hope of judgment, then there is also the promise of a crown.

Gregory the Great

6th centuryChurch Father

He arrives here like a blossom, only to fade away; he moves like a shadow, never remaining in a single condition. Indeed, he comes as a blossom at first in the flesh, but he fades away as he succumbs to decay and corruption. What is a person entering this world if not a flower in a field? Let us open our inner sight to recognize the vastness of today’s existence, brimming with as many flowers as there are souls. Life in the flesh is akin to a flower among the grass. Thus, the Psalmist rightly observes that a man's days are like grass; he blossoms like the flower of the field. Psalm 102:15. Isaiah also states that all flesh is like grass, and all its splendor fades away like a flower in the field. Isaiah 40:6.

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A man emerges like a flower from a hidden place, suddenly revealing himself to the light of day, only to retreat into obscurity through death. The vibrancy of the flesh reveals us to the world, yet the decay of the earth conceals us from human sight. We have appeared like flowers from nothingness, and like flowers, we shall wither, having existed only temporarily. Each day, as man draws closer to death, he indeed runs like a shadow, never remaining in a fixed position.

But similarly, the sun also travels without ceasing along its course, remaining ever in motion. So why is human life compared to a shadow instead of the radiant sun? This can only be understood through the fact that when humanity severed its bond with the Creator, it lost the warmth of its heart, remaining instead in the chill of wickedness. According to the Word of Truth, wickedness increases, and love grows cold. Matthew 24:12. Thus, one who lacks warmth in their love for God, and is unable to keep the very life they cherish, is indeed rushing like a shadow. Consequently, it is fitting to label them as a fleeting shadow. Ex. 34:21. Moreover, they cannot stay in one condition, for as infancy transitions to childhood, childhood to youth, youth to adulthood, adulthood to elderliness, and elderliness leads to death, during these changes, a person is inevitably pulled toward the grave, wasting away even as life seems to stretch. We cannot anchor ourselves unchanged at any point here, as we are merely passing through to another stage; each day marks our gradual departure from life.

The first man could not have foreseen this reality before his transgression; he only perceived that time passed while he remained unchanged. However, upon transgressing, he entered a state of mutable existence, and due to consuming the forbidden fruit, he bore the weight of this change. Man suffers from these burdens both externally and internally when seeking to pursue good. The heaviness of change constantly draws his thoughts elsewhere, and unless he maintains a strict discipline, he risks slipping back into worse conditions. For a mind that has drifted from the One who is always unchanging loses its stable dwelling. Henceforth, any pursuit of improvement becomes like swimming upstream. Yet, if he relaxes his desire for rest, he is effortlessly swept back down to a lowly state. Thus, effort is required to ascend, while sinking requires no effort. The Lord advises that we must strive to enter through the narrow gate, saying, “Strive to enter through the narrow gate”. Lk. 13:24. When He mentions the narrow gate, it is crucial to note His emphasis on striving, as without a heartfelt determination, the worldly currents will pull the soul downward. Therefore, as man “comes here like a flower and fades away; he runs like a shadow, never remaining in a fixed condition,” let us consider what more he will pursue in this vein.

Ireneus (Orda)

19th centuryCommentator

Job possesses an understanding of his plight similar to that of his companions and is prepared, if necessary, to present his case before God. He is perplexed by their unwavering assertions of their misguided beliefs and urges them to listen intently, for he takes the risk of standing before the most severe judgment, calling upon the Lord Himself to evaluate him based on their accounts. Job then turns to God in prayer, seeking an answer regarding the reasons for his intense suffering and questioning whether a man, given his frailty and brief existence, is worthy of such afflictions.

Makarios (Bulgakow)

19th centuryCommentator

In reflecting on the miseries of human existence, the righteous man poses the profound question: Who can be born pure from what is impure? Not one, if his days are determined (Job 14:4-5). This clearly points to a form of impurity that affects every individual from the moment of birth. What is this impurity? Since Job indicates that it underlies the troubles of life (vv. 1-2) and leads to man’s culpability before God (v. 3), we must consider it to be of a moral nature rather than physical. The latter is merely a result of the moral state and does not, in itself, render one guilty in the eyes of God. It signifies the inherent sinfulness of our nature, which is inherited by all from our ancestors.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.