The Church Fathers on this verse

Job 24:18Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

He is light upon the face of the water: cursed be his portion on the earth, let him not walk by the way of the vineyards.

Douay-Rheims

קַֽל־ה֤וּא ׀ עַל־פְּנֵי־מַ֗יִם תְּקֻלַּ֣ל חֶלְקָתָ֣ם בָּאָ֑רֶץ לֹֽא־יִ֝פְנֶה דֶּ֣רֶךְ כְּרָמִֽים׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

3 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Philippus

5th centuryChurch Father

Cursed is their lot upon the earth. Those who dwell outside the land of the righteous, which is the realm of the living, shall be accursed; may their share among humanity be truly cursed. They do not turn toward the paths of fruitful vineyards. Therefore, let their earthly journey be so condemned that the people of God, the sanctified souls who, like vineyards, bear abundant fruit, may not follow in their footsteps or adopt their ways. The drought and heat consume the crystalline waters. It appears that Saint Job is referencing two types of torment, one fiery and one icy, through which the adversary, the heretic, and the wicked are led. Thus, the abode of the dead engulfs sinners. The transgressions of the wicked and immoral are so extensive and severe that they sink into the depths of hell as lead sinks in water.

Gregory the Great

6th centuryChurch Father

He shines as light above the waters, as stated in Job 24:18. The mention of the plural shifts to the singular, highlighting that often it is a single person who initiates wrongdoing, encouraging others to follow suit; thus, the primary guilt rests with the individual who leads others into sin. Consequently, the accountability often reverts to the one who sets the example. The water's surface may be disturbed by the winds, never completely calm, even if some areas seem tranquil. Similarly, the mind of the wicked is 'lighter than the surface of the water,' easily swayed by each whisper of temptation that brushes against it, drawn in without resistance. If we reflect on the restless hearts of those who do wrong, we find they resemble the surface of water disturbed by the wind.

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For such individuals, the winds of anger, pride, lust, envy, and falsehood direct their path. They are easily influenced by every gust of error that comes their way. The psalmist poignantly states, "O my God, make them like tumbleweeds, like chaff before the wind" (Psalm 82:14). The wicked are like tumbleweeds because as they embark on their path, they disregard what lies ahead, pursuing what they should leave behind, causing their backs to rise even as they stumble forward. They are aptly likened to 'dust in the wind' since, when faced with temptation, they lack stability, often raised up only to fall, sometimes mistakenly believing themselves exalted by their transgressions. Their lot is cursed upon the earth; may they not walk in the path of the vineyard, as captured in Job 24:18.

In a clearer sense, those who live righteously yet suffer in this life may endure considerable trials and tribulation; nevertheless, they will conclude their journey with the promise of eternal blessings, while those who act wickedly, even when fortunate, remain unrestrained in evil despite their momentary prosperity. Thus, it can be rightly stated, let their portion be cursed upon the earth, for despite their temporary favor, they are securely bound to eternal condemnation. Moreover, it is rightly added: “And let him not walk in the way of the vineyards,” which signifies the righteousness of the Church. Here, we can understand this to refer to heretics or any worldly individuals who abandon either the true faith or a righteous life, losing the ‘way of the vineyard,’ which represents the Church’s truth. Those who ‘walk in the way of the vineyard’ are those who cherish the teachings of the Holy Church and adhere steadfastly to both faith and good works. To ‘walk in the way of the vineyard’ means to become intoxicated by the richness of the love for Eternity, as one heeds the guidance found in the teachings of the Holy Church Fathers, akin to clusters of grapes, while journeying along the shaded path. The text continues:

Ireneus (Orda)

19th centuryCommentator

Job observed from the dialogues of his companions that they viewed his justifications as self-aggrandizement and his grievances as sacrilege. In response, he tempers his discourse and demonstrates the sincerity of his beliefs by being willing to submit them to the judgment of God Himself (23:1-7); yet, he is unable to locate Him (8-9). Nevertheless, Job is acutely aware of His all-knowing nature and ever-present spirit, recognizing the steadfastness of His judgment on all things (10-13). This awareness contributes to Job’s profound fear and trepidation (14-17). The wicked, by contrast, do not experience such outcomes; theft and brutality are as natural to them as a beast among a flock; their most egregious actions often go unpunished (24:1-12).

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Some, in a bid to conceal their evil deeds, mask them in the shroud of darkness (13-17). A heavy burden of curse and calamity ought to descend upon them, just as it does upon the oppressors (18-24). Yet, does this truly occur? Job firmly believes, in opposition to his friends' views, that his assertions regarding the discordance of happiness with virtue are just (25).

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.