The Church Fathers on this verse

Job 3:20Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Why is light given to him that is in misery, and life to them that are in bitterness of soul?

Douay-Rheims

לָ֤מָּה יִתֵּ֣ן לְעָמֵ֣ל א֑וֹר וְ֝חַיִּ֗ים לְמָ֣רֵי נָֽפֶשׁ׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

2 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

Chrysostom and Polychronius convey thoughts that do not cast judgment on Divine Providence. It should not be understood that words lacking the same intention carry the same meaning; rather, these words reflect a sense of sorrow and a longing to grasp the purpose behind the sufferings of those who face trials. In contrast, those who lead lives filled with affluence or who experience physical well-being find society to be a source of enjoyment. However, individuals without such blessings, who endure constant hardship, may feel uncertain about the value of their existence when they transition into eternal life. While some might find joy in earthly life, it is uncertain what joy the suffering truly find.

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This observation leads us to understand that both life and death can be of significance, especially when they are so sought after. Job expresses this sentiment when he states, “Why is light given to those in misery?” (Job 3:20).

In his reflections, Job is not placing blame—far from it—he is seeking understanding and lamenting his condition. The intent behind words can change their meaning; for example, when a wise person queries, “What is the value of wealth in the hands of a fool?” (Proverbs 17:16), it signifies that the wealth itself is unmerited. This further illustrates that both life and death hold purpose, particularly when they are desired.

Ireneus (Orda)

19th centuryCommentator

Up until this point, Job appeared stoic and unyielding against any affronts to his faith in God and his endurance. However, he can no longer mask the deep anguish within him, and, in an act that underscores his authentic humanity rather than merely serving as a literary embodiment of patience, he curses the day he was born. Aligned with the beliefs of faithful individuals, he expresses the idea that a person's joy or suffering hinges on their birth date. In this lament, Job yearns for the day of his birth to either vanish entirely from the calendar or, if it must exist, to be forever marked as a day of sorrow (3, 3-10).

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Had he perished in utero or shortly after his arrival, he would have escaped the torment he endures and would have slipped into the grave, a place where peace and equality exist among the departed (11-19). Why is it that others are brought into the world to face hardships and live longer than they desire (20-23)? Why does he endure, when joy eludes him on earth (24-26)? Job’s cursing is not a reflection of despair or weakness; rather, it reveals the profound nature of his suffering. Through this expression of anguish, Job connects with us both spiritually and physically, enabling us to draw inspiration from his steadfastness in our own lives.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.