The Church Fathers on this verse

Psalm 115 (113):7Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

They have hands and feel not: they have feet and walk not: neither shall they cry out through their throat.

Douay-Rheims · Hebrew numbering, Septuagint numbering in brackets.

יְדֵיהֶ֤ם ׀ וְלֹ֬א יְמִישׁ֗וּן רַ֭גְלֵיהֶם וְלֹ֣א יְהַלֵּ֑כוּ לֹֽא־יֶ֝הְגּ֗וּ בִּגְרוֹנָֽם׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

7 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

In the 105th Psalm, the prophet illustrates the foolishness of idol worshippers by stating: ‘and sacrificed their sons and their daughters to demons’ (Psalms 105:37). In this passage, he highlights their insensitivity, showing their attachment to lifeless objects, and he thoroughly ridicules the various parts of idols. He goes on to say: ‘Let those who make them and all who hope in them be like them.’ While reflecting God’s image is a noble quality, here it serves as a condemnation. Imagine, then, the nature of the pagan deities when mirroring their likeness results in a clear curse. The prophet skillfully articulates their complete folly and ridicules their absurdity. Is it not absurd, I ask, to be devoted to a statue that epitomizes utter indecency?

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Who would wish to gaze upon a naked woman? And there rests a demon within that bare form. These figures depict either lewdness or a wild lust for mankind. What does the eagle represent? What of Ganymede? What about Apollo pursuing a maiden? What do the other repulsive figures signify? Everywhere, there is sensuality, everywhere debauchery, and everywhere are representations of forbidden desire and violent passions. The statues, feasts, solemn gatherings, and their rituals are not merely symbols of indecency but also manifestations of human brutality. In honoring the demons, they glorify nothing but depravity, unchecked drunkenness, cruelty, and murder; it is evident that their celebrations are entirely founded on these vices.

Augustine of Hippo

5th centuryChurch Father

The Jordan River, when the Israelites crossed into the promised land, stood still as the priests carrying the ark touched its waters. The flow above was halted while the river continued to flow below into the sea, allowing all the people to safely cross over, and the priests stood on dry land. Joshua 3:15-17 This knowledge inspires our praise of Hallelujah in this Psalm, yet we should not presume that these historical events aren't connected to our present understanding. As the apostle states, these occurrences serve as examples for us. 1 Corinthians 10:11

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As Israel emerged from Egypt, and Jacob's family left a foreign land, Isaiah proclaimed, Judah was His sanctuary and Israel His dominion. Psalm 112:1-2 The sea perceived this and fled, the Jordan turned back. Psalm 112:3 We ought not to view historical accounts merely as past events; rather, they point to the future, revealing that though these miracles unfolded among this nation, the reality of the present was intertwined with the foresight of what was to come. Some elements are presented differently from our understanding, indicating they are not merely recaps of what has previously occurred but foreshadowings of future truths. For instance, we do not read that the Jordan was merely turned back; it stopped at the source of its streams while the people crossed. Furthermore, there is no mention of mountains and hills leaping; this imagery was added. The response indicates, 'The sea saw and fled; the Jordan was driven back; the mountains leapt like rams, and the hills like lambs.' Psalm 113:4 The inquiry follows, 'What ails you, O sea, that you flee? O Jordan, why are you driven back?' Psalm 112:5 'Why do you leap, O mountains, like rams? And you, O hills, like lambs?' Psalm 112:6

Let us reflect on the teachings presented here; both the miraculous events and the words invite us to recognize our true identity. If we embrace the grace of God given to us, we are indeed Israel, the descendants of Abraham; the apostle affirms, 'Therefore you are Abraham's seed.' ... No Christian should view themselves as separate from the identity of Israel, as we are joined together with the believing Jews, including the chief apostles. Therefore, our Lord states, 'And I have other sheep not of this fold; I must bring them, that there may be one flock and one Shepherd.' John 10:16 Thus, the Christian community represents Israel and embodies the house of Jacob; for Israel and Jacob are one. However, that large group of Jews, justly criticized for their betrayal, forfeited their birthright for worldly desires, aligning themselves not with Jacob, but with Esau. We are reminded of the deeper significance: the elder shall serve the younger.

Egypt is often seen as a symbol of suffering or oppression, and it represents this worldly existence from which we must spiritually separate ourselves to avoid sharing in unbelief. 2 Corinthians 6:14 Every individual becomes a true citizen of the heavenly Jerusalem only when they have first renounced this world, much as the Israelites could not enter the promised land without departing from Egypt. They did not escape until they were aided divinely; similarly, no person can truly turn away from the worldly life unless supported by the grace of divine mercy. What was once an image is now fulfilled for all faithful believers in the Church's ongoing trials in this current age, as Blessed John notes, in this last time. 1 John 2:18 Listen to the apostle Paul, the teacher of the Gentiles, instructing, 'I do not want you to be unaware, brethren, that all our ancestors were under the cloud, all passed through the sea; all were baptized into Moses in the cloud and the sea; all ate the same spiritual food and drank the same spiritual drink; for they drank from that spiritual Rock that followed them, and that Rock was Christ. However, many of them displeased God and were laid low in the wilderness. These things were for our instruction.' 1 Corinthians 10:1-6 What more could we seek, beloved brethren? This truth is clear, not through human conjecture but through the apostolic declaration, which originates from God and our Lord: for God spoke through them, and though encased in human form, it was God who revealed this truth. Therefore, it is evident from such profound testimony that all those figurative events have now been realized in our salvation; the past foretold the future, and we now observe the present.

Consider what is even more astonishing: the veiled mysteries of the ancient scriptures unfold through those very texts. The prophet Micah tells us, 'In the days of your coming out of Egypt, I will show wonders...' Therefore, in this psalm, although the exceptional prophecy gazes into the future, it seems to recount the past. He states that Judah was His sanctuary; past-tense verbs signify that the sea fled, while the Jordan turned back, and the mountains jumped, and the earth quaked. This language from the past does not obscure our understanding of the future. For even though it was long after the exodus from Egypt and before the present Church era that this was sung, it unmistakably predicts future events, as he proclaims, 'In the days of your departure from the land of Egypt, I will show wonders.' Nations will witness this and be confounded. Here it is expressed again, 'The sea saw and fled;' for if this accounts for historical events, what audacity is it to interpret the 'shall see and be confounded' merely as past happenings? Further down, he directly references our genuine adversaries—our sins—which, like the Egyptians, have been drowned in the sea of our Baptism, signifying that God does not forever withhold His wrath but will revert, have mercy, and cast our transgressions to the depths of the sea.

What does this indicate, beloved? You who recognize yourselves as Israelites through Abraham's lineage, who belong to the house of Jacob and are heirs to the promise, understand that you too have emerged from Egypt, having renounced worldly ways. You have exited a foreign nation by embracing godliness, separating from the blasphemies of the Gentiles. It is not your own language that praises God but rather a foreign tongue that cannot glorify Him, to whom you offer Hallelujah. For Judah has become His sanctuary within you; it is not the external appearance of a Jew nor the physical circumcision that defines one, but rather the inward transformation of the heart. Romans 2:28-29 Examine your hearts to see if faith has purified them, whether your confession has washed you; in you, Judah has become His sanctuary and Israel His dominion. You have received the power to be children of God. John 1:12

However, I urge you not to look back as the Jordan does not return, nor should you perceive anything evil. For the Lord rebukes those who turn their backs toward Him rather than face Him. Jeremiah 2:27 Anyone who forsakes the source of their existence and pivots away from the Creator, like a river flowing into the sea, sinks into the bitterness of this worldly life. It is beneficial for such a one to turn back, allowing the God they turned from to be before their gaze upon returning, so the sea of this world that they initially embraced becomes a memory behind them, thus forgetting the past, they may strive toward what lies ahead. Philippians 3:13 Such a journey proves valuable after genuine conversion...

Tremble, O earth, before the Lord, before the God of Jacob. Psalm 113:7 What does 'before the Lord' signify if not His continual presence, who declared, 'Behold, I am with you always, even to the end of the age.' Matthew 28:30 The earth trembles; but through negligence, one makes it quake, thereby inviting strength to dwell more fully in the presence of the Lord.

Who transformed solid rock into pools of water, and hard flint into springs? Psalm 113:8 For He has softened Himself, allowing what once appeared rigid to provide sustenance for those who believe in Him, becoming for them a source of water that wells up to eternal life. John 4:14 Before His true nature was revealed, He seemed hard. Thus, those who remarked, 'This is a hard teaching; who can accept it?' John 6:60 were confounded and did not wait for Him to pour forth His Spirit as the Scriptures were unveiled. That rock, which had seemed unyielding, became lakes of water; that rock transformed into living springs as at His resurrection He elucidated to them, beginning with Moses and all the prophets, how Christ must suffer; Luke 24:26-27 and sent the Holy Spirit, who proclaimed, 'If anyone is thirsty, let him come to Me and drink.' John 7:37

Athanasius the Great

4th centuryChurch Father

The false gods created by human hands are made of precious metals such as silver and gold. As noted in various accounts, this idea introduces a new section, specifically the one hundred and fourteenth psalm. However, we adhere to the sequence found in the Hebrew text, considering it to be part of the one hundred and thirteenth psalm. The psalmist, addressing the young people with the words, “Praise the children of the Lord,” refers to the new community of believers, guiding them on the nature of the Lord they should exalt—the One who performed countless wonders for those who escaped from Egypt. Meanwhile, they are reminded of their former deities, which lack any resemblance not only to the miracle-working God but even to the most basic of living beings endowed with sensibility.

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While all living creatures are creations of God, idols are mere products of human craftsmanship. The psalmist encourages them to declare, “let them be like them." This statement does not harbor animosity towards humanity; rather, it highlights the ultimate futility of idolatry. Those who are utterly devoted to idols become indistinguishable from them in their essence. The harm inflicted upon them stems from the demonic influences associated with these idols. May those who pursue me be like them; thus shall possessions fade, and those who accumulate them shall also come to an end.

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

They will possess hands but will be unable to touch; they will have feet yet will not walk. Consider verse 14: They will not cry out with a harsh voice. Just as the spirits that operated through idols and provided misleading prophecies did so not by the aid of idols themselves, but through human beings or other means of expression, the Prophet accurately declared, They shall not cry out with their throats; for idols are entirely motionless and devoid of life.

Euthymios Zigabenos

11th centuryCommentator

In these passages, David critiques idols and false deities, and, as Chrysostom explains, elaborates on their features to enhance this critique. Initially, he addresses the superficial aspects of these idols: their mouths, eyes, ears, noses, hands, and feet, followed by a condemnation of the senses themselves, asserting that they lack any form of action and result in a lifeless entity. One might wonder why he specifies that the mouths of idols do not speak rather than noting they do not consume, akin to his remarks about the eyes not seeing or the ears not hearing. The answer lies in our common descriptions of God; we often refer to Him as seeing, hearing, smelling, walking, and speaking, yet rarely mention Him eating, possibly due to its coarseness.

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Thus, rather than claiming the mouths of idols do not consume, David states they do not speak, consistently reflecting on speech and voice before and after this assertion, as these elements provide clear evidence of rational life. Without the ability to communicate, idols are therefore devoid of soul, reason, and life. Theodoret argues that while people may do as they wish, the idols revered among nations are not creators but creations themselves, deriving their worth from the gold or silver of which they are made, and gaining an attractive appearance from the artisans who craft them. Furthermore, since demons manifest through these idols, delivering false prophecies not from the lifeless figures but through reasoning individuals, it is fitting to state that they cannot produce sound with their vocal cords. Ultimately, all idols are completely devoid of life.

Irenaeus (Klementjewsky)

18th centuryCommentator

Regarding the previously mentioned statement, “Let not the Gentiles say, Where is their God?” the prophet illustrates a striking distinction between the true God and the idols of the nations. He emphasizes that we must not provide the Gentiles with grounds to slander. If they inquire, “Where is their God?” we will respond that our God resides in heaven, His existence made manifest through the marvelous deeds He performs according to His purpose. In contrast, the gods of the Gentiles are confined to the earth; they possess no ability to act and cannot even move their limbs, despite appearing to have them. They do not see, hear, smell, touch, walk, or speak, nor do they emit a sound that surpasses that of any human voice.

Psalter with Commentaries (Cave Monastery in Kiew)

19th centuryCommentator

A solemn hymn of glorification to God, where the reigning prophet recounts the wonders exhibited by the Almighty during the miraculous liberation of the Israelites from Egypt, leading them to the Promised Land. The prophet implores God to reveal His divine majesty to those shrouded in the shadows of idolatry, so that humanity may faithfully worship the one true God, the Creator, who has delivered them from the sins of Egypt into the freedom of serving Christ the Lord, to whom eternal praise is due as the true God. Judea represents confession, while Israel signifies the understanding of God. All who acknowledge Christ as the true God and place their faith in Him, transition from the transgressions of sinful Egypt into the grace of Christ, emerging from the lineage of Judah.

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The sea and the Jordan symbolize those who witnessed Christ's grace, turning away from wickedness to embrace the holy faith and willingly submit to baptism. Nature itself yielded and parted, recognizing the Leader and clearing a path for Him, so that the Jewish people would understand that God’s power encompasses all creation. Mountains are akin to prophets, and hills to apostles, rejoicing in Christ the Lord, who desires to redeem humanity. The sea was compelled to part by the might of God, as the passing Jews separated it. The Jordan reversed its flow when the covenant of the Lord was entrusted to them, prophesying the Lord's baptism. Among all earthly rivers, Christ chose the Jordan for the sacrament of baptism. The Jordan is formed by the convergence of two springs, Porus and Dan, which together flow not into the living sea, but into the Dead Sea. This river symbolizes our mortal existence. The mountains represent angels, and the hills symbolize those favored by God, who rejoice in Christ, the Savior of the world. Humanity, depicted as the earth, is stirred by the good news of the Gospel, moving from sin to repentance. The goodness of Jacob represents the descendants of Abraham, with patriarchs and prophets heralding the coming of Christ, who led them out of the depths of hell.