The Church Fathers on this verse

Psalm 116 (114/115):6Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

The Lord is the keeper of little ones: I was humbled, and he delivered me.

Douay-Rheims · Hebrew numbering, Septuagint numbering in brackets.

שֹׁמֵ֣ר פְּתָאיִ֣ם יְהֹוָ֑ה דַּ֝לּוֹתִ֗י וְלִ֣י יְהוֹשִֽׁיעַ׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

11 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

In this passage, the prophet highlights the supreme nature of Divine Providence. By stating that "the Lord is merciful and just, He has mercy," he illustrates the depth of God's compassion towards humanity. What does this compassion entail? It particularly pertains to children. We possess reason, which guides us in making choices, avoiding impending disasters, and alleviating the hardships that we encounter. We have obtained strength and understanding; however, infants lack these abilities and are utterly vulnerable. Yet, God's Providence remains vigilant over them. Were it not for His constant guardianship, they would face obliteration. Both the child and the newborn creature might meet their demise while still swaddled, not to mention the chicks and various domesticated reptiles.

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No caregiver, not even the mother, could provide sufficient oversight without relying on the highest form of care. Some interpret this to refer to unborn children still in the womb. When the psalmist proclaims, "I humbled myself, and He saved me," he does not imply that he avoided danger; rather, he acknowledges that God saved him after he encountered peril. Having addressed God's Providence in general, the prophet also reflects on his personal experience, which he supports with examples that are both universal and individual. Therefore, do not seek a life devoid of challenges; it would not serve your good. If such a life was unsuitable for the prophets, it is even less fitting for you. The prophet further articulates the value of being humbled, stating, "It is good for me that Thou hast humbled me, that I may learn Thy justifications" (Psalms 118:71). This conveys a dual sense of gratitude: first, for God allowing those in peril to encounter danger; second, for His unwavering support during those times. Both aspects demonstrate His benevolence, with the first being just as significant as the second—if not more so—because while the latter rescues from peril, the former enriches the soul with wisdom.

Augustine of Hippo

5th centuryChurch Father

I have cherished, for the Lord will heed my prayers, as stated in Psalm 113:1. Let the soul that wanders in the absence of the Lord sing in this manner; let that lost sheep rejoice; let that son who perished and returned to life, who was lost and is now found, sing as in Luke 15:6 and 24. May our souls sing together, dear brethren and beloved children. Let us learn, dwell in His presence, and sing with the saints, "I have cherished," for the Lord hears my prayer. Is it not a foundation for our love that the Lord listens to our prayers? Is it not our love that invites His attention? What does it signify to say, “I have cherished so that the Lord may hear”? Does it suggest that one loves in anticipation of being heard?

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But where does hope for this come from? For it is written, "He inclined His ear unto me, and in my days I cried unto Him" (Psalm 114:2). I have cherished, therefore, because He would listen; He would listen because He inclined His ear to me. But how can you know, O human soul, that God has inclined His ear to you, unless you declare, "I have believed"? Hence, three things remain: faith, hope, and love (1 Corinthians 13:13). Your belief has birthed hope; your hope has bloomed into love.

What does it mean when you say, "In my days I called upon Him"? Perhaps it refers to the days when the fullness of time arrived, and God sent His Son (Galatians 4:4), who assured, "In a favorable time I heard you, and in the day of salvation I helped you" (Isaiah 49:8). I might call my days the days of trials, the days of my mortality, full of labor and strife, the days akin to Adam’s decay. For I found myself stuck in deep mire, as I cried out, "Behold, you have made my days grow old; in these days I have called upon Thee." My days were not akin to the days of my Lord. I label my days those in which I have boldly made for myself, having turned away from Him. Since He reigns universally and is all-powerful, I have earned imprisonment, receiving the shadows of ignorance and the chains of mortality.

In these days, the nets of death surrounded me, and the agonies of Hell seized me (Psalm 113:3). Such afflictions would not have overtaken me had I not strayed from You. Yet, they found me while I reveled in the worldly blessings, amidst the deceptive nets of Hell.

However, when I encountered trouble and heaviness, I called upon the Name of the Lord (Psalm 113:4). I felt neither trouble nor beneficial sorrow; I sought help from Him, for man’s assistance is futile. I thought I could rejoice over the hollow support of man; yet, upon hearing my Lord say, “Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted” (Matthew 5:4), I realized I could not wait to lose those temporal blessings I had cherished, only to weep in their absence. I took notice of that very affliction which had brought me joy in the transient things I dreaded to lose but could not retain. I firmly attended to it and saw that I was not only tormented by worldly hardships but also ensnared by its fleeting joys. Thus, I recognized the trouble and heaviness I had overlooked and called upon the Name of the Lord, saying, "Lord, I beseech You, rescue my soul."

Let the holy people of God proclaim, "I have called upon the Name of the Lord," and let the remaining Gentiles, who do not yet call upon His Name, hear and seek to identify their own troubles and heaviness, calling upon His Name to find salvation.

The Lord is gracious and just; indeed, our God is merciful (Psalm 114:5). He is gracious above all because He inclined His ear towards me; I was unaware that His ear was near my lips until those lovely feet prompted me to call upon His name. For who can call upon Him if He has not first summoned them? Thus, He is first merciful, yet He disciplines those He receives, as it is written, "For whom the Lord loves He chastens" (Hebrews 12:6-7). I should not resent Him for His discipline, nor should I overly relish His reception. For how can the Lord, who protects the innocent (Psalm 113:6), avoid chastising those He regards as heirs?

I faced trials, and He aided me. He aided me precisely because I was in distress; the discomfort inflicted by a physician’s knife is meant for healing, not punishment.

"Return to your rest, O my soul, for the Lord has dealt bountifully with you" (Psalm 114:7). This not according to your worth or strength, but because of His goodness. For as it is said, "He has delivered my soul from death" (Psalm 114:8). It is marvelous, dear brethren, that after proclaiming my soul's rest due to the Lord's kindness, he adds, "For He has delivered my soul from death." Did it find rest because it was saved from death? Is it not true that rest is often spoken of in the context of death? How does one act whose life is characterized by rest while in death they find turmoil? Such actions must stem from a soul directed toward peace, aiming not at ceaseless toil, but rather at serenity, for it is by Him who has compassion on us that we are freed from death.

“Come unto Me, all you who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest” (Matthew 11:28-30). Thus, gentle and humble, following Christ as the pathway to rest, let not the soul be idle or lethargic, so that it may complete its course, as it is written, “In quietness do your works” (Sirach 3:19). “You have delivered my soul from death, my eyes from tears, and my feet from stumbling.”

He who feels the chains of the body sings these affirmations as fulfilled hopes. Truly, it is spoken, “I was in trouble, and He delivered me.” Likewise, the Apostle faithfully affirms that we are saved by hope (Romans 8:24). To declare that we have been rescued from death, we must understand the death of the unbelieving, of whom it is said, “Let the dead bury their dead” (Matthew 8:22).

In that day, He will wipe away our tears, having saved our feet from slipping. For then, there will be no risk of faltering as we walk, free of the weakness of mortal flesh. Yet presently, however firm our path, which is Christ’s, we still carry the flesh we are meant to subdue. In our effort to guard and control it, the ultimate goal is not to weaken or fall; but who can truly avoid slipping in the flesh? "I will please the Lord, in the land of the living" (Psalm 114:9).

We toil now, as we anticipate the redemption of our bodies (Romans 8:23). But when death is swallowed up in victory, and this perishable assumes imperishability, and this mortal takes on immortality (1 Corinthians 15:53-54), there will be no weeping because there will be no falling; and no falling because there is no decay. In that moment, we will no longer strive to please, but shall be wholly acceptable in the presence of the Lord, in the land of the living.

Basil the Great

4th centuryChurch Father

In a natural sense, the existence of human nature relies on the Lord's care for children and infants. Consider how they are nurtured in their mother's womb—how can they thrive or even move in such constricted, inhospitable conditions, often in darkness and dampness, unable to breathe and lead a human life, akin to fish in water, if not for divine preservation? Furthermore, how could they endure in the unfamiliar world outside the womb, experiencing the cold air after the warmth they knew, if it were not for God’s intervention? Therefore, I plead with you, O Lord, to guard these little ones: I humble myself and seek your salvation.

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Alternatively, one might interpret these words in another light: having been transformed and becoming like a child, receiving the kingdom of heaven as a child, and through my own lack of kindness reducing myself to a child's humility, I implore you, O Lord, to protect these little ones, as I submit myself fully to you—save me.

Athanasius the Great

4th centuryChurch Father

Protect the little ones, O Lord. The term 'babies' signifies those reborn in Christ through the Holy Spirit. The Lord Himself safeguards these young ones, following Jesus' instruction, as they have been transformed and now resemble ‘little children’ (Matthew 18:3). He shields them from harm, for the moment of trial has not yet arrived for them. Moreover, in a straightforward sense, the Lord watches over infants in the womb, a constrained and moist environment that limits their movement and breath. He ensures they do not suffocate by providing sustenance and mobility, and He protects them from the cold when they transition from the warmth of their mother’s body to the unfamiliar atmosphere.

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Furthermore, just as I humbled myself as a child and entered the kingdom of heaven, it is the Lord ‘who upholds babes’ that redeemed me. Similarly, the Lord Himself watches over those who are like infants, as commanded by Jesus; they are those who have been transformed and are innocent, for they have not yet faced temptation, as their time of trial has not come. Even though I am older than these children, the Lord has, through great trials, humbled me and kept me steadfast.

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

The Lord does not offer His safeguarding to the mighty, the exalted, or the arrogant. His compassion does not extend to the proud, yet He shows mercy and offers protection to the meek. As the prophet declared: ‘Behold, I and the children whom the Lord has given me’ (Isaiah 8:18). Furthermore, it is said: ‘I humbled myself, and He saved me.’ These words can be interpreted in two ways: either ‘I erred and He rescued me’ or ‘when I became conceited, He brought me low and redeemed me.’

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

Protect the little ones, O Lord. His compassion for humanity is so vast that He bestows tender care even upon the smallest among us. His concern extends not only to those who have been born but also to those who remain concealed in the womb, surrounded by filth, confined in a dark and oppressive space. He watches over, redeems, nurtures, illuminates, provides nourishment, liberates from the wicked influences of evil spirits, and essentially embraces them within His paternal love. The prophetic message does not mention this by chance. It serves to reveal that the Sovereign God not only rewards the deeds of the righteous but also intentionally bestows favor upon those He foreordains, bringing into existence those who are yet unseen.

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Once He has created them, He tends to their needs, anticipating the fruits of righteousness as they mature and then again enhancing the goodness of their lives with His blessings. I humble myself, and save me. Symmachus renders it: I was weary, and thou hast saved me. If even the infants, who have yet to know Him, receive such divine care, then those who earnestly seek Him will find His salvation to be even more abundant. Thus, upon witnessing our humbling due to trials, He swiftly provides us with His aid.

Euthymios Zigabenos

11th centuryCommentator

The Lord safeguards the little ones. The implied message in this phrase emphasizes God’s special care for infants. David acknowledges this divine Providence, highlighting the vulnerability of small children; without it, as noted by Basil and Chrysostom, they could easily fall prey to snakes, scorpions, and other predators, or could sustain injuries from hazardous places such as ditches and wells. Some, following Theodoret, interpret this to mean that this protection also extends to those in the womb, where they exist in a dark, moist environment, much like fish in the ocean’s depths, unable to breathe until birth. Transitioning from the warmth of the womb to the cooler outside air could prove fatal if not for God’s sustaining hand.

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This notion can also be applied to the newly converted, those just beginning their journey in virtue. God’s Providence watches over them due to their naivety until they are ready to stand firm against temptations and spiritual foes. Theodoret notes that those reborn in Christ, through the Holy Spirit and guided by Jesus’ teachings, resemble young ones—protected by the Lord from adversities as they have not yet faced trials of maturity.

The psalmist reflects, "I humbled myself; and saved me He suffered from temptations," acknowledging that the Lord rescued him by permitting these trials, which ultimately helped him grow in wisdom and recognize God's grace and Providence. Chrysostom adds that in this support, God shows favor from both ends: protecting the humble from threats as well as offering restoration post-fall. This duality of divine assistance serves to illustrate that both aspects are equally significant; indeed, the opportunity to learn from suffering could prove even more beneficial than avoiding hardships altogether, as it fosters greater discernment in the soul.

Gregory the Great

6th centuryChurch Father

The Psalmist proclaims regarding the lowly, “The Lord keep the babes.” By referring to the humble as children, he emphasizes their innocence. After expressing this thought, he provides a guiding principle: “I humbled myself, and he saved me.” Therefore, let us reflect deeply on this, dear friends. Do not value the material possessions of others. For the love of God, honor those with whom you may not have a close relationship, recognizing that they are created in the image of God.

Irenaeus (Klementjewsky)

18th centuryCommentator

The prophet, filled with hopeful anticipation, speaks to his soul, urging it to find tranquility after experiencing God's mercy. He openly admits that he was deeply disturbed, caught between fear and hope. Despite having remarkable courage, he acknowledges the depth of his inner struggle, which deprived him of peace. Yet he also expresses heartfelt gratitude for the divine grace that dispelled all his anxieties; it rescued his soul from the brink of death, dried his tears, and steadied his steps, ensuring he would not falter or plunge into the depths of despair.

Ireneus (Orda)

19th centuryCommentator

In the Hebrew Psalter, Psalms 114 and 115 are combined as a single psalm; however, the LXX, Symmachus, and Vulgate appropriately commence with the phrase "verovah," indicating a new psalm. It seems unjust that one cannot conclude Psalm 114 with verse 8; it is natural to finish on a note of assurance regarding the prolonged existence of the life divinely preserved. Likewise, it is fitting for Psalm 115 to open with a depiction of faith in God coupled with skepticism towards human assistance during times of need. The challenge in linking verses 8 and 9 sufficiently suggests the reason for this division.

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If we accept that the psalmist represents the collective experience of the community, we can view the psalm as a hymn of gratitude from those liberated from bondage, which symbolizes the peril of mortality mentioned in the text. In such bondage, the nation faced the threat of dispersal among the nations, risking annihilation. However, it can also be understood on a personal level, as seen in Psalms 17 and 55. The Psalmist expresses his fervent love for God, as he has always attended to his cries, validating this by referring to the recent answer to his plea, for which he intends to exalt the Lord throughout his days. In loving God, it is essential to emphasize that it is not merely sufficient to state that he delights in the Lord hearing his petitions. To invoke God's name with gratitude is solemn, as noted in Psalm 17:4. With shouts of praise, the Psalmist, facing grave danger, cries out for salvation to the Lord; having received help, God has manifested His mercy and righteousness, upholding the innocence of the oppressed and safeguarding those of pure heart. Given such compassionate assistance, the once despondent soul of the psalmist can now find rest. The soul, which was on the verge of succumbing to despair, is now encouraged to return to its former peace, as God has alleviated all disturbances. Rightfully, the Psalmist interprets this rescue from death as a promise that God will sustain him in life long afterward. To honor God in the land of the living signifies leading a righteous life on this earth, and he commits himself to the hope that the Lord will enable him to walk in holiness.

Psalter with Commentaries (Cave Monastery in Kiew)

19th centuryCommentator

The psalmist expresses heartfelt gratitude to God for delivering him from deep distress and anguish, a joy and triumphant praise that resonates in every faithful believer who has turned from sin in repentance, embracing the true peace found in Christ the Lord for the sake of eternal solace. To those who cherish God, all circumstances ultimately contribute to their good. Witness the voice of Christ during His passion, as God the Father acknowledged His Son when, upon the cross, He uttered, "Father, into Your hands I commit My spirit." Sickness brings death; the weight of sin and the torment of hell arise from wrongdoing. Afflictions serve to incite repentance and sorrow for sin, prompting prayers to God.

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Christ the Lord embodies righteousness, having justly expelled Adam from paradise, yet He is also merciful, having sacrificed Himself for Adam's return to paradise. The Lord safeguards the innocent infants who are born with malice yet lack understanding, also bestowing His grace upon the humble. Those born of water and the Spirit, like infants, ascend through faith to spiritual maturity. Adam and his descendants shall be restored to paradise, for it is through Christ the Lord’s suffering that this is made possible. The righteous consider their resting place to be the mountain abodes, a promise of reward for their deeds, while on Earth, tears of repentance provide solace for the sinful soul. Christ liberates Adam from the depths of hell and death, wipes away every tear from his soul, and fortifies it with divine grace, ensuring it will not dwell in sin eternally. The land of the living is heaven, a realm where the righteous and angels offer heartfelt thanks to God. The psalmist refers to the land of the living as the immortal heavenly life, free from worldly hindrances: devoid of night and sleep, lacking food and sustenance, void of sorrow and death, yet filled with the enjoyment of true life in Christ. Here, existence feels alien to the soul, leaving it as if in a state of half-life, confined within a mortal, corruptible body. The soul, not originating from the earth nor destined to remain there, truly belongs to the land of the living.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.