The Church Fathers on this verse

Psalm 130 (129):7Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Because with the Lord there is mercy: and with him plentiful redemption.

Douay-Rheims · Hebrew numbering, Septuagint numbering in brackets.

יַחֵ֥ל יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֶל־יְה֫וָה כִּֽי־עִם־יְהוָ֥ה הַחֶ֑סֶד וְהַרְבֵּ֖ה עִמּ֣וֹ פְדֽוּת׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

7 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

Let Israel place its trust in the Lord. What does it signify that the Lord shows compassion? Here lies the source and wellspring of endless mercies that flow ceaselessly. Where mercy exists, there is salvation—not just any salvation, but a "great" salvation, encompassing a boundless depth of divine favor. Therefore, even if our transgressions lead us to ruin, we should not succumb to despair. In the presence of mercy and compassion, no rigid accounting of sins is necessary, for the Judge, in His immense mercy and gracious nature, forgives abundantly. This Judge is God, ever ready and willing to extend mercy and offer forgiveness.

Augustine of Hippo

5th centuryChurch Father

From the depths, I called out to You, O Lord; O Lord, let my voice reach You. Psalm 129:1. Jonah cried from the depths of the sea, from within the belly of the great fish. Jonah 2:2 He found himself not merely beneath the waves but entangled within the creature itself; despite this, neither the water nor the constraining belly deterred his prayer from ascending to God. It is said that his prayers penetrated every barrier and resonated in God's ears, for God's ears are found in the heart of the one who prays. Where can God be found that His faithful voice does not echo? We must also recognize the depths from which we cry out to the Lord. This earthly existence represents our depth.

Read more (1376 words)

He who truly understands his position in such an abyss cries out, groans, and sighs, longing for deliverance from the depths in order to reach Him who reigns above all abysses... Indeed, there are those who dwell so deeply in the void that they fail to utter a sound of distress. Scripture tells us, "When the wicked has reached the depths of wickedness, he despises." Proverbs 18:3 Consider, dear friends, the grave abyss from which God is scorned. Each individual bears the weight of daily transgressions, crushed beneath the burdens of iniquity. When told, “Pray to God,” they scoff, asking, “If my offenses were truly grievous to God, would I even exist?” They believe, against reason, that if God were concerned with human matters, He would not have allowed them to continue to live and thrive amidst their grave transgressions; this twisted joy becomes a profound misfortune...

O Lord, attentively listen to my voice. Oh, let Your ears carefully consider the sound of my lament. Psalm 129:2 From where does he cry? From the depths of despair. Who is making this cry? A sinner. And what hope accompanies his tears? It is rooted in He who has come to forgive sins, bestowing hope even upon the sinner lost in the depths. This hope is unveiled in the subsequent words: "If You, O Lord, should mark iniquities, O Lord, who could stand?" Psalm 129:3 He thus reveals the weight under which he cries, burdened by the waves of his own wrongdoing... He doesn’t say, "I cannot bear it," but rather, "who can endure?" He sees that nearly all human experience is surrounded by sin, that every conscience bears the accusation of its thoughts, making it impossible to find a pure heart self-assured in its righteousness.

But where does hope arise? It rests in the fact that there is forgiveness with You. Psalm 129:4 What is this forgiveness if not a sacrifice? And what kind of sacrifice is it but one offered on behalf of others? The shedding of innocent blood has washed away the sins of the guilty: such an immense price has liberated all captives from the grasp of their captor. Therefore, You possess a means of atonement. Were You only a Judge and not also merciful, You would have seen all our transgressions and demanded an accounting. Who could bear such scrutiny? Who could present themselves before You and declare innocence? Who could withstand Your judgment? Thus, there remains only one hope: “for Your sake, I have brought forth to You, O Lord.” What does this mean? It refers to the law that underlines human guilt. A law that is holy, righteous, and good, Romans 7:12 was given to the Jews, yet it revealed their guilt. No law could impart life, Galatians 3:21, but only reveal to the sinner his faults. The sinner has lost sight of himself and must be reminded through the law. The law made him aware of his guilt, yet the Lawgiver brings freedom: for the Lawgiver is the Supreme Authority.

There exists a law of divine mercy, a law of atonement. One enforces fear; the other embodies love. The law of love offers forgiveness of transgressions, erases the past, provides warnings for the future, accompanies its follower along the path. Yet, one must negotiate with the adversary while journeying along his path. Matthew 5:25 For God’s Word serves as your adversary until reconciliation is achieved. You achieve that accord when you find joy in obeying the Word of God. Then the once-adversarial force becomes your ally: when the journey concludes, none will hand you over to the Judge. Therefore, for the sake of Your law, I have awaited You, O Lord, for You have chosen to establish the law of mercy; You forgive me all my transgressions and provide guidance for the future, so that I may avoid offending You... For the sake of this law, I rely on You, Lord. I have awaited Your coming to rescue me from every need; even amidst my trials, You have not forsaken Your merciful law... My soul has longed for Your word...

Thus, we trust confidently in the words of Him who cannot mislead. My soul has put its trust in the Lord from dawn until dusk. Psalm 129:5 The dawn signifies the conclusion of night. Understanding this, we should not believe that our trust in the Lord is meant for just one day. What does this imply, dear friends? These words suggest that the Lord, who has pardoned our sins, rose from the dead at dawn, granting us the hope that what was true of Him shall also manifest in us. Our sins are forgiven, yet we have yet to experience the resurrection; if we are not raised, then what has transpired in our Head has not yet occurred in us. What occurred in our Head? The flesh of that Head has risen again; the Spirit of that Head has died? What died in Him is now rejuvenated. He resurrected on the third day, and it is as if the Lord communicates to us, “What you have observed in Me, aspire to for yourselves; just as I have risen from the dead, you shall rise as well.”

However, some might exclaim, “Behold, the Lord is risen; must I then place my hope in my own resurrection?” Indeed, that is precisely why: because the Lord has risen in the flesh He took from you. He would not have resurrected unless He had first experienced death; He could not have died unless He had embraced flesh. What did the Lord ask of you? The flesh. Who is He who descended? The Word of God, which existed before all creation, through which all things were made. But to offer you something, the Word became flesh and dwelt among us. He received from you all He could present to you; just as a priest receives from another what he offers on their behalf when seeking to atone for their sins before God. This has already occurred; it has been accomplished this way. Our Priest accepted from us that which He could present for us: He took from us flesh, in that very flesh He became the sacrificial offering, He was made a burnt offering. In His Passion, He was sacrificed; in His Resurrection, He restored what had been slain, presenting it as His offspring unto God, proclaiming to you, “You are now consecrated, for such offspring have been offered to God; therefore, anticipate that the same will occur in you as it did in your offspring.”

Since He then rose at the dawn, our souls began to hope from that moment: but how far does this extend? Even until nightfall; until we experience physical death, for our mortal demise is but a slumber...

And he returns to this, “From the dawn let Israel hope in the Lord.” Let Israel not merely hope, but let their hopeful gaze be fixed from the morning watch. Do I then criticize the world’s hope when anchored in the Lord? No; but there exists a different hope that belongs to Israel. Let Israel not desire wealth as its greatest good, nor yearn for physical health, nor seek an abundance of earthly possessions; they must be prepared to endure tribulation while facing trials for the sake of truth...

For the Lord shows compassion, and His redemption is abundant. Psalm 129:7 How marvelous! This sentiment couldn’t be better articulated anywhere else than in the phrase, “From the morning watch.” Why? Because the Lord has risen with the dawn; and the body should hope for that which has transpired in the Head. Yet, to counter any doubts: the Head may rise because it was sinless, devoid of fault; what recourse do we have? Shall we dare hope for a resurrection as witnessed in the Lord while still encumbered by our transgressions? However, see what follows: “And He will redeem Israel from all their transgressions.” Psalm 129:8 Regardless of the weight of sin he bears, the mercy of God remains. For this, He journeyed ahead without sin, to erase the sins of those who follow Him. Do not place hope in yourselves, but place your hope in the One who watches from the dawn...

Athanasius the Great

4th centuryChurch Father

From the break of dawn to the setting sun, let Israel place their trust in the Lord. The Lord deserves our faith even amid painful experiences. For it is not merely during the early hours, when shadows obscure our view and our situation appears bleak, but also when the true light illuminates our path, that the discerning heart receives from God an abundance of joy and liberation from sorrow. Trust in the Lord, for He is the source of mercy, deliverance, and purification, effectively cleansing sins.

Euthymios Zigabenos

11th centuryCommentator

Consider the abundant compassion of the Lord and the ample deliverance He offers. According to the Lord, genuine, swift, powerful, and unwavering mercy is available for those deemed worthy. Chrysostom poses the question: what does it signify when we say that the Lord is merciful? It implies that He possesses a Source of ever-flowing grace. In the realm of mercy and salvation—true salvation, profoundly abundant—lies the vast expanse of humanity. Therefore, even if we find ourselves ensnared by our transgressions, we should not succumb to despair or exhaustion; for where mercy prevails, there is no harsh punishment for wrongdoings from the judge, who, out of His nature of gentleness, often overlooks faults because of His immense mercy.

Read more (63 words)

This is the nature of God: eternally prepared to forgive and inclined to bestow grace. Theodoret adds that the righteous not only enjoy the wealth of faith in God but also encourage others to seek such a blessing by revealing the benefits that come from it. The Lord is generous and compassionate, offering salvation to those who turn back to Him in repentance.

Irenaeus (Klementjewsky)

18th centuryCommentator

He explains why we should consistently place our trust in God while declaring the salvation of all humanity, which was to be realized through our Lord Jesus Christ. Thus, it is appropriate to declare: as the Lord shows compassion. God also engages in visible acts of mercy, such as the creation of the universe and His universal care for all beings, as expressed in Psalm 32:5: The mercies of the Lord fill the earth. Furthermore, it is written, Thy mercies are magnified unto heaven (Psalm 56:11). There exists in the righteous a strong inclination towards compassion; however, the mercy the Prophet refers to here is internal, supreme, and exists solely within the essence of God. This profound mercy addresses our destitution. Who else but the One who knows no need can alleviate our poverty?

Read more (343 words)

Who else can rectify all our deficiencies? Similarly, the Prophet aptly states: You, Lord, are good and tender-hearted, and merciful to all who call upon You (Psalm 85:5). Therefore, it is suitable to add: and He offers abundant salvation, for God's mercy resolved to show grace to humanity, and in accordance with divine justice, established a method to free all captives shackled in bondage. This method was found in the sacrifice of the blood of His only Son. Human beings could surrender themselves to sin, and justly face the consequences from the devil, the tormentor to whom they consented through sin; yet they could not redeem themselves nor escape the devil's grasp. Hence, what humanity could not accomplish, God's grace achieved by redeeming us through the blood of the Only Begotten, as the holy Apostle Peter clearly indicated: we are not redeemed with corruptible silver or gold, but with the precious blood of Christ, the Lamb without blemish (1 Pet. 1:18, 19). This redemption resided with God at the time this psalm was penned, existing in His eternal counsel alone; however, now the cost of this liberation of the captives is realized daily for our salvation. Since the deliverance foretold by the Prophet was not from earthly rulers, as the carnal Jews believed, but from sin and wrongdoing, we can rightly conclude that He shall deliver Israel from all his iniquities. The angel of the Lord, announcing to Joseph concerning Jesus Christ, aligned with this truth, stating, ‘You shall call His name Jesus: He is the One who will save His people from their sins’ (Matthew 1:21). This liberation, though it has already commenced, will reach its complete fulfillment when we are delivered not only from transgressions but also from the consequences brought about by sin, and ultimately from the very peril of sinning, in line with the proclamation of the prophet Daniel: For transgression must be finished, and sin shall be sealed, and unrighteousness shall be blotted out, and iniquities shall be cleansed, and everlasting righteousness shall be brought in (Dan. 9:24).

Ireneus (Orda)

19th centuryCommentator

This psalm is fittingly seen as the humble and contrite plea of those held captive in Babylon. The individuals on whose behalf the psalmist intercedes are enveloped in profound anguish, recognizing that it is a consequence of their actions. In their despair, he earnestly calls upon the Lord to listen and provide assistance. Although it becomes evident that they have rightly suffered due to their transgressions and are unworthy of deliverance, if the Lord were to remember the sins of humanity without mercy, even the most righteous would falter before Him. The imagery of deep waters symbolizes severe affliction, reflecting both the external turmoil resulting from sin and the internal need for redemption.

Read more (172 words)

Yet, contrary to despair, it is important to remember that the Lord is a God who cleanses sin and has bestowed upon His people the law, establishing a covenant that assures them of His mercy; even in their failings, He does not abandon them but offers correction in love. Historically, the Israelites believed that the presence of the temple in Jerusalem ensured God's favor; however, when the temple was destroyed, the law became their sole assurance over the nations. Their hope naturally rested in their possession of the law, as Israel confidently and patiently places its trust in the Lord for assistance. This trust is grounded in the promises made by the prophets who conveyed that the Lord would once again show mercy to His people after a season of discipline. In their current plight, the people are urged to remain hopeful and not lose heart, awaiting the Lord's grace, for He is abundant in means and ways to deliver them. He will surely absolve Israel of their guilt and accompanying punishment.

Psalter with Commentaries (Cave Monastery in Kiew)

19th centuryCommentator

In this psalm, the blessed King David articulates the universal prayer of humanity, reflecting repentance for sin from the depths of a contrite heart, earnestly appealing to God, the embodiment of love, for liberation through the grace of Christ our Lord from the pervasive depths of sin and all earthly and eternal afflictions. This psalm is recognized as the sixth penitential psalm. From the profound depths of his being, the penitent supplicant cries out to God for salvation, mirroring Adam's cry from the depths of despair to Christ the Redeemer. The ears of God symbolize His ability to hear. Had God not shown patience with the sinner, awaiting his return, he would surely have perished, and without God's mercy, no one can cleanse themselves from sin.

Read more (206 words)

A faithful believer endures for the honor of Christ, motivated by the promise of future rewards and the hope of being received by Him. The soul that places its trust in the Lord’s promises merits all praise for its perseverance, demonstrated through faith and labor, fasting, renunciation of material possessions and loved ones, and a commitment to prayer and the fulfillment of God's will. The ancients referred to segments of the night as watches. The soldiers who kept guard divided the night into four watches, each lasting three hours, with the final watch before dawn called the morning watch. Thus, the phrase from morning to night signifies the entirety of the day, during which it is essential to rely on the Lord. Inspired by the Spirit, Saint David encourages believers to seek salvation and maintain trust in the Lord from the morning watch—throughout their youth and entire lives. By expressing the continuous cycle of day and night, the prophet highlights that there is no moment unworthy of placing one's trust in the Lord. The grace of the Lord refers to the incarnation of Christ, through which abundant salvation was provided to humanity. Israel, those who believe in God through Christ, find their redemption in His blood.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.