The Church Fathers on this verse

Psalm 43 (42):2Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

For thou art God my strength: why hast thou cast me off? and why do I go sorrowful whilst the enemy afflicteth me?

Douay-Rheims · Hebrew numbering, Septuagint numbering in brackets.

כִּֽי־אַתָּ֤ה ׀ אֱלֹהֵ֣י מָֽעוּזִּי֮ לָמָ֢ה זְנַ֫חְתָּ֥נִי לָֽמָּה־קֹדֵ֥ר אֶתְהַלֵּ֗ךְ בְּלַ֣חַץ אוֹיֵֽב׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

5 Church Fathers comment on this verse · 6 commentaries

Augustine of Hippo

5th centuryChurch Father

The Bounds of Longing There exists a distinction between those who have faith in You and those who lack such belief. Though the risks may be similar, their confidence is not; they may exert equal effort, yet their aspirations differ. The hopes of the wicked shall fade away, while the hopes of the righteous invite doubt if the Anointed One is untrustworthy. The boundaries of our longings are defined by the Anointed One Himself. He will offer Himself, for He has already offered Himself; He will bestow Himself, eternal, to the eternal, as He previously bestowed Himself, mortal, to mortals.

I find myself in a state of sorrow as the adversary relentlessly bombards me with daily temptations. He stirs up either illicit desires or unfounded fears, and though my soul grapples with both, without yielding to them completely, it remains in peril and recoils from anguish, questioning God, “Why?” It is fitting for her to pose this question and then to hear God's response of “Why?” In the psalm, she seeks to understand her despair, proclaiming, “Why hast Thou rejected me? And why do I mourn?” Let her also draw wisdom from Isaiah, allowing the insight just shared to resonate within her. “For I will not contend forever, nor will I always be angry; for the spirit would grow faint before Me, and the souls which I have made” (Isaiah 57:16).

Read more (227 words)

Thus, when you ask, “Why have You cast me off and why do I walk in sorrow?” understand that it is due to iniquity. Sin brings forth mourning; let righteousness be the wellspring of your joy!

You might wish to sin while simultaneously desiring to evade suffering; thus, it is never sufficient for you to be unjust, nor would you want Him to act unjustly, as you would dread the punishment that would follow. Let us turn to another psalm that expresses a different sentiment: “It is good for me that Thou hast humbled me, that I may learn Thy righteousness.” In my elevated state, I became aware of my transgressions; now, having brought myself low, I seek to learn of Thy righteousness. Why do I grieve when the enemy is upon me? You lament over your foe, and it is true that he disturbs your peace; yet, you have granted him access (Eph. 4:27). Take heed, there is still a path available to you: choose the way of wisdom; acknowledge your Sovereign and cast out the oppressor.

To accomplish this, listen closely to your own words—what you ask and what you pray for. Pray for that which you hear; let it resonate with all of us: “Oh, send out Your Light and Your Truth. Let them lead me to Your holy mountain and to Your dwelling.”

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

They continually express the same plea, seeking relentless liberation from the harshness of their foes, which brings them constant sadness and despair. They proclaim, ‘Forgive me’, not as those who grumble, but as individuals who have remained innocent of the wrongdoings of others, yet have, alongside these others, been stripped of divine guidance. Nevertheless, they unite in a collective prayer for all.

Euthymios Zigabenos

11th centuryCommentator

The Lord declares that He is my strength and my refuge. Why have You allowed me to be subjected to the oppression of the Babylonians, who are Your adversaries, while I remain Your servant? I move through life in sorrow, and my foes celebrate and mock me because I belong to You. This is what the people in captivity expressed, not out of blame or complaint, but in their desire to appeal to God.

Irenaeus (Klementjewsky)

18th centuryCommentator

The second verse is essentially the same as verse 10 of the preceding psalm, differing only in wording rather than content. Though David expresses concern over the intensity of his adversaries and mourns the anguish they inflict upon him, he counters their torment with the shield of patience, placing his trust in God. He believes firmly that his enemies wield only as much power over him as the Lord permits. From this conviction, he turns his spirit toward prayer, beseeching God to once again reveal His mercy, which at times seemed concealed. The notion of light here symbolizes God’s favor. Just as adverse conditions can overshadow our appearance and cloud the sky, the blessings of God restore our joy.

Read more (225 words)

Furthermore, the radiance of His countenance dispels the gloom of sorrow that envelops us. David implies that all troubles stem from the withdrawal of God’s fatherly love, which rejuvenates us as soon as the Lord unveils His merciful face. He also points to the assurance that comes from believing in the light of life and liberation as grounded in God’s unchanging promises. Essentially, he is requesting, "Send, O Lord, the light of Your mercy, that it may brighten the shadows of my grief and confirm Your faithfulness in Your assurances." He further elucidates the purpose behind his plea and his intention to return to his homeland, stating that he longs to be guided to God's holy mountain, to His dwelling places. His sorrow stems chiefly from being distanced from the community of faithful believers, and he rightly surmises that joy and well-being will come from engaging in acts of worship and divine service within the sacred sanctuary. He secretly affirms this aspiration by referencing the holy mountain, or Zion, where God’s tabernacle was established— a place to which all his longings were directed, and from which he had been exiled at the hands of his foes. It is significant that in the midst of losing his wife, possessions, home, and other comforts, his sole desire remains for the temple, as emphasized in the preceding psalm.

Psalter with Commentaries (Cave Monastery in Kiew)

19th centuryCommentator

The psalm addressed to David, inspired by the Holy Spirit, serves as a scribe's instrument for righteousness, imploring God to impart His righteous judgment upon his oppressors. It seeks a release from these adversaries so that he may offer peaceful praise to God both in this life and the next. Furthermore, it expresses a longing for the arrival of Christ the Savior on Earth and echoes the prayers of believers enduring tribulations, yearning for liberation and tranquility in the heavenly realms. The prophet petitions God to send His Son, Christ the Lord, who embodies the Light of the world and the embodiment of Truth. Due to Adam's transgression, humanity was cloaked in darkness, but this veil is now lifted from the souls of the faithful through the illumination of the Holy Spirit.

Read more (220 words)

This highlights the purpose of Christ's coming. The renewal of youth represents humankind's revival from death. The Gospel is likened to the heart and voice through which one glorifies God. The Savior delighted in our ability to experience His perfect nature while still living in the flesh and to be filled with sanctity. The cry, "My God, my God!" reveals deep, fervent love for God. The image of God within humanity comprises the mind, speech, and spirit; this also includes will and spiritual emotions. As the Apostle Paul states, the entirety of a human being consists of spirit, soul, and body. Within the body resides the animal soul, characterized by discordant and lustful tendencies, and the senses of hearing, sight, taste, smell, and touch. Humanity is exalted because God, at creation, breathed His divine breath into the mold of dust. The inner spiritual self discerns between good and evil, truth and falsehood, and possesses freedom and self-control. While humans face prisons and hell in the afterlife, animals do not, as humanity is a morally cognizant being, created in the image and likeness of God, called to embody goodness and holiness. Christ is the key to mankind's salvation. Our peace rests in the Lord, as He proclaimed: "This I say to you, that in Me you may have peace" (John 16:33).

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.