The Church Fathers on this verse

2 Kingdoms (2 Samuel) 16:11Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And the king said to Abisai, and to all his servants: Behold my son, who came forth from my bowels, seeketh my life: how much more now a son of Jemini? let him alone that he may curse as the Lord hath bidden him.

Douay-Rheims

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֤ד אֶל־אֲבִישַׁי֙ וְאֶל־כָּל־עֲבָדָ֔יו הִנֵּ֥ה בְנִ֛י אֲשֶׁר־יָצָ֥א מִמֵּעַ֖י מְבַקֵּ֣שׁ אֶת־נַפְשִׁ֑י וְאַ֨ף כִּֽי־עַתָּ֜ה בֶּן־הַיְמִינִ֗י הַנִּ֤חוּ לוֹ֙ וִֽיקַלֵּ֔ל כִּ֥י אָֽמַר־ל֖וֹ יְהוָֽה׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

4 Church Fathers comment on this verse · 7 commentaries

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

David lived as an outcast and a wanderer, enduring great struggles as he approached the latter part of his life. Where are those who lament his misfortunes? What suffering weighs heavier than this, what illness, what grief? Yet this upright man did not voice his turmoil nor surrender to despair. He did not proclaim, "Is this the reward I receive, I who followed His commandments day and night? After such honor, I am now the most degraded, delivered into the hands of my foes, and subjected to a wayward child!" Instead, he endured all things wisely, finding his sole comfort in the belief that all transpired according to God's divine knowledge.

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Just as the three young men in the fiery furnace declared, “But if it be not so, let it be known to thee, O king, that we will not serve thy gods, nor will we worship the golden statue which thou hast set up” (Dan. 3:18), had anyone questioned their hope in death or what they anticipated beyond this life and fire, they would have replied that dying for God is the greatest reward. David, too, found great solace in the understanding that God, knowing this, allowed it to happen. If a lover is willing to face death numerous times for their beloved, even without expectation, how much more should we endure, not looking for a kingdom or other future blessings, but for God Himself, to whom all glory is due forever. Amen.

Absalom led him back to the state of wandering and fleeing that he had faced under Saul, further complicating his life. David had previously experienced these trials as a commander, but now, after years of reigning and defeating his foes, he was forced to flee once more. The one who brought him to this low point was neither a stranger nor an enemy, but “he that came out of his loins,” as he lamented. In his youthful vigor, he bore his challenges with courage, but now, when he should have found comfort in his rebellious son during his later years, he encountered a villainous adversary.

As he endured this sorrow, it was evident that David was deeply crushed by his lament. Yet he did not retaliate, allowing Semei to live, saying, “Leave him to curse me, as the Lord has spoken to him. If the Lord will not regard my humility and restore good to me instead of his cursing today.” David waited anxiously to see how Husius’ scheme would unfold.

After achieving such remarkable feats, witnessing his kingdom held by a torturer, a patricide, a fratricide, an oppressor, a demoniac, he was not tempted by these circumstances but instead stated that if it was God's will for him to be persecuted, to wander and flee, while his enemy held honor, he would accept it joyfully and give thanks for the countless hardships. Unlike many shameless individuals who, having accomplished little of his greatness, curse their fate when facing the slightest troubles, David remained gentle in all things. Thus, God affirmed, "I have found David, the son of Jesse, a man after My own heart" (Psalm 88:21).

When we endure wrongs from others and bear them graciously, we substantially lessen our burdens. Therefore, no true harm comes to us, for God credits our patience in suffering not as a matter of justice but as a reflection of His compassion. Even in ancient times, He did not seek vengeance for those who suffered injustices. When Semei cursed David, he endured, saying, “Leave him, that the Lord may see my humility, and repays me for this day.” When God refrains from avenging wrongs, we particularly benefit, as He assigns us merit when we endure with a grateful spirit.

Augustine of Hippo

5th centuryChurch Father

Did not the wicked son of Hera curse King David by his own choice? How does the righteous David, filled with divine wisdom, respond to this? And what was his reply to the one who sought to harm him? The king said, What is this to me and to you, sons of Saruina? Let him speak ill, for the Lord has allowed him to curse David. Who can then question his actions? (2 Sam. 16:10). The divinely inspired text further elucidates the profound meaning of the king's words in a slightly varied manner: David told Absa and all his servants, ‘If my son, who has emerged from my own body, seeks my life, how much more the son of the Benjamite; let him be, let him speak ill, for the Lord has given him this command; perhaps the Lord will regard my suffering and reward me with goodness for his current slander.

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Now, does the astute reader not understand how the Lord directed this wicked man to speak against David? It was not through a direct command from the Lord that would merit praise for his obedience; rather, the Lord permitted the malevolent will of this individual, which, being corrupted, led him into sin according to the righteous and hidden judgment of the Lord. Thus, it is stated that the Lord commanded him. There is no doubt regarding the reason for the Lord allowing this evil man to malign David. The humbled king suggested, ‘Perhaps the Lord will consider my suffering and bless me with goodness in return for this evil speaking.’ We thus witness that the Lord can use the hearts of even the wicked to bring glory and aid to the righteous.

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

Such is the decree for humanity, O LORD God, to continually seek Your mercy and to bolster the frailty of our mortal condition with divine assistance. Let Semei utter curses against David; for the Lord has commanded him to do so, and who can challenge him by asking, Why have you done this? The divine will is beyond debate and must be accepted with gratitude. We recognize that David adhered to God's commandments, yet we observe that even the most virtuous individuals can falter in their commitment to unwavering righteousness.

Ambrose of Milan

4th centuryChurch Father

It is evident that St. David exemplified a virtue comparable to that of Paul. When the Semites spoke ill of him and inflicted deep insults, he initially responded with silence and humility, choosing not to boast of his own good deeds. He even welcomed the slander, believing that in his suffering he might find the mercy of God. Observe how he combined humility, righteousness, and wisdom to gain the Lord's favor. He remarked, Let him speak evil, for the Lord has commanded him to do so against David. This demonstrates his humility, as he accepted what God had ordained with a tranquil spirit, like a devoted servant. Next, he lamented, My son, who came from my own flesh, seeks my life. This reveals his righteousness.

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If we are troubled by the acts of our neighbors, why should we allow ourselves to be angered by the actions of outsiders? Ultimately, he stated, Leave him alone, let him speak evil, for the Lord has commanded him; perhaps the Lord will take notice of my humiliation and reward me with goodness in return for his current insults. He not only endured the slights but also permitted the man to go unpunished as he followed him and hurled stones. Moreover, after achieving victory, he graciously forgave Shimei when he sought it. This illustrates that St. David, embodying the true spirit of the Gospel, felt no offense but rather harbored gratitude toward his defamer, rejoicing instead of growing angry for the wrongs done to him, believing they would be met with kindness in return. Here we find a man striving for greater perfection. He felt the sting of injustice as any human would, yet he mastered his emotions like a valiant warrior and displayed endurance like a steadfast fighter.

The subsequent verses of the psalm clarify its meaning, as David expresses, "I was dumb and did not open my mouth, for You made me" (Psalm 38:10). In other words, "You have subjected me to the scorn of the ignorant, which is why I remained silent; I chose not to speak, fearing I might commit even greater transgressions. I have come to understand that it is Your desire for me to experience shame at the right moment, allowing me later to find redemption through repentance." Additionally, there is value in being reproached, for even the affliction of the body serves a purpose, as the apostle states: "I delivered him to the destruction of the flesh, that the spirit might be saved in the day of our Lord Jesus Christ" (1 Cor. 5:5).

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David himself acknowledged the benefits of such derision, telling Abishai, "Let it be; let Shimei revile me, for the Lord has commanded him; perhaps the Lord will notice my humiliation and grant me favor for this offense" (2 Sam. 16:11-12). Truly, the Lord witnessed his shame: he fled weeping, barefoot and with his head covered, thus removing the disgrace from himself (see 2 Sam. 15:30). Therefore, when David, subjected to dishonor, fled humiliated and sought the Lord’s forgiveness, he did not retaliate against the blasphemer who threw stones nor sought retribution for the conflict. Ultimately, he was restored to his kingdom, recognizing that reproach sometimes comes from the Lord and enduring it can be more beneficial than trying to escape it. Thus, victory followed. Indeed, reproach is advantageous! But why did he say, "For Thou hast made me?" Did he not indicate that he was silent and refrained from speaking out because he recognized the Lord’s will in this situation? Consequently, he patiently endured what was unfolding, seeking God’s pardon for his sins through his own dishonor.

We must be cautious regarding those who provoke us: those who irritate, incite malice, harden hearts, and promote immorality and lust. When faced with scorn, annoyance, bullying, or provocation, it is wise to maintain silence. Remaining mute is not a sign of shame; rather, it is the one who provokes and insults who bears the true sin, attempting to draw us into their behavior, as noted in Proverbs 26:4. Should you choose to stay silent and disregard their taunts, the offender may challenge you, saying, “Why are you silent? Speak if you dare!” Their aim is to make you feel inferior, suggesting they’ve stripped you of your voice. If you hold your peace, their fury may intensify, as they perceive themselves as victorious and disdained.

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However, if you respond, they believe they have triumphed by finding someone who matches their base nature. Conversely, your silence reflects moral strength; they may say, “He was insulted but chose to disregard the insult.” If you retaliate with harsh words, it leads to mutual condemnation without justification for either party. The one who accuses seeks to provoke anger, desiring a retaliatory response, hoping you will stoop to their level. A righteous individual, however, remains unshaken, valuing the opinions of virtuous people over the folly of the accuser, drawing strength from their steadfastness, as seen in Cicero, Off. 1:137. This illustrates what it means to “keep silent even about good things” (Psalm 38:3), as one who understands their righteousness should not be shaken by false accusations, prioritizing their integrity over slander.

One who wishes to avoid humiliation may rationalize: “My accuser scorns and blasphemes me openly, as if I cannot defend myself. Why shouldn't I reply in kind? They treat me as if I lack manhood and can’t stand up for myself! They accuse me, unaware that I could respond more harshly!” A person expressing such thoughts lacks humility and meekness, falling prey to temptation, often stirred up by a tempter using another to provoke them, injecting discord into their spirit. Yet, upon the solid rock of faith, we must stand firm, as Matthew 16:18 teaches. Even if a servant chastises the righteous, they remain silent; or if the feeble hurl insults, the righteous hold their peace; even when a beggar reproaches them, they do not retaliate. For the righteous, retreat is a means of triumph, akin to skilled marksmen who conquer by withdrawing and thereby inflicting greater wounds upon their pursuers.

Why do we become agitated in spirit at reproaches? Why do we fail to emulate the one who declared, “I am numbed and humbled, and I kept silent even about good things” (Psalm 38:3)? Did David merely utter these words without action? No, he lived them. When insulted by Shimei (as referenced in 2 Samuel 16:5), despite having soldiers with him, he chose silence in the face of derision, abstaining from revenge. Even when his companion offered to punish the offense on his behalf, David refused. He walked in humility and silence, like a mute, remaining composed amid accusations of wrongdoing, secure in his many good deeds.

A person who hastily reacts to an injustice only amplifies the reproach, even if they feign innocence. Indeed, the one who dismisses an offense demonstrates greater strength than the one who endures it. The former appears to overlook it, while the latter is openly wounded by it, as reflected in the interpretation found in Job 2:9.

In observing His righteousness, we must ask: if we endure greater pain from those we are familiar with, why do we harbor resentment towards those who are distant?

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.