The Church Fathers on this verse

Psalm 44 (43):17Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

At the voice of him that reproacheth and detracteth me: at the face of the enemy and persecutor.

Douay-Rheims · Hebrew numbering, Septuagint numbering in brackets.

מִ֭קּוֹל מְחָרֵ֣ף וּמְגַדֵּ֑ף מִפְּנֵ֥י א֝וֹיֵ֗ב וּמִתְנַקֵּֽם׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

8 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

All day long my disgrace is ever before me, and the embarrassment upon my countenance has enveloped me. Some translations express this as my dishonor. The humiliation of my face has overtaken me, alongside those who speak ill of me. Because of the words of the accuser and slanderer, from the countenance of the foe and the persecutor. This anguish affected them deeper than physical suffering. Having consistently experienced success and vanquished their adversaries, each one cried out when they suffered defeat, found themselves in lowly positions, and could discover no relief but instead encountered unending anguish.

Augustine of Hippo

5th centuryChurch Father

From the voices of those who mock me and charge me with devotion to you, I seek the strength to acknowledge you. They label me with this name, which serves to nullify all accusations against me. For it is the sound of the one who scorns and blasphemes—speaking out against me—originating from both the enemy and the oppressor. What insight is presented here? What has been recounted from the past will not be our experience, as what lies ahead has not yet come into view. We remember the events of old, such as your people being led forth with great majesty from Egypt; their liberation from tormentors; their journey through foreign lands and their settlement in the promised land where the nations were cast out. What will the future hold for us?

Read more (159 words)

It will resemble the exodus from this worldly Egypt, when our leader Christ shall manifest in his glory: the righteous will stand at his right hand, while the unrighteous will be on his left; their judgement alongside the adversary leading to eternal damnation; the faithful receiving an everlasting kingdom from Christ alongside the Saints. This awaits us, while the past remains as it is. What do we face in the meantime? Trials and tribulations. Why? So that the depth of the soul's devotion to God is revealed—assessing whether the worship is offered freely, stemming from the salvation received without cost. What can you present to God? Once lost in sin, you have been redeemed! What can you offer Him when everything you have received is a gift? It is called grace for a reason; it is given freely. Therefore, you are called to worship Him generously—not for the sake of worldly benefits, but for the eternal gift He extends.

Ambrose of Milan

4th centuryChurch Father

Christ's shame might signify two concepts. First, it may refer to His crucifixion, an event deemed disgraceful by the Jews. They scorned Him, believing He would feel humiliated by this execution through which He sought redemption for humanity. Alternatively, this shame might stem from the reproaches of the wrongdoer and slanderer, arising from the countenance of the adversary and persecutor (Psalm 43:17). The core idea is that He felt remorse for His chosen people who were erring. He felt a sense of shame before the Father concerning those whose doom was imminent. Since the Father was always with Him, the Son could never be separated from Him; thus, He expressed to the Jews, "Behold, your house is left to you desolate" (Matthew 23:38).

Read more (333 words)

There are instances when an individual might perceive their disgrace as a form of glory. For instance, the apostle mentions those for whom "Their glory is in their shame" (Philippians 3:19). In contrast, Christ’s glory stands opposed to such misplaced honor. He embraced the cross and the associated shame, and we too should not fear this shame or evade it with dread. To fear it might lead us into sin; however, it can also guide us toward the grace of life. There exists a certain dignity found within shame, especially when we find ourselves among non-believers or philosophers who scorn us for the cross of Christ. In those moments, if we lack the words to respond and they refuse to heed our saving message, we encounter this shame, which arises from the Slanderer and Blasphemer, the face of the Adversary and the Persecutor (Psalm 43:17).

Thus, we are advised not to engage with the foolish according to their folly (Proverbs 26:4). We ought to remain silent, as if we cannot hear the insults of those who revile us—not due to an inability to respond but because we should refrain from doing so. Every action has its appropriate moment: there is a time to remain silent and a time to speak (Ecclesiastes 3:7). We choose silence when there is no receptive listener before us, and we speak when the Lord empowers us with the necessary words to reach the hearts of our audience. How can one truly hear us if they denounce us, unwilling to listen to our message of salvation? Why would they relent if they persecute us and seek to demonstrate their power? Or as noted by Aquila and Symmachus, if they are filled with wrath and desire to retaliate against our sharing of Christ's inheritance with the Gentiles?

Such shame stands in stark contrast to the disgrace of the sinner. For one who remembers their God possesses a clear conscience; whereas the one burdened by regrets experiences turmoil and deep shame.

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

I experience deep shame when I observe those who engage in conflict, ridicule, and scorn, and I feel unwell throughout the day.

Euthymios Zigabenos

11th centuryCommentator

From the utterance of the one who insults and defames, from the presence of the adversary and the one who expels the oppressor. We are ashamed, O Lord, Your people, due to the derisive remarks made against us by the surrounding nations, and because our foes regard us with harsh gazes, making us afraid to raise our eyes to them. The term slanderer, as translated by Aquila, refers to one who speaks ill.

Irenaeus of Lyon

2nd centuryChurch Father

The Lord, as the foremost among those resurrected (Colossians 1:18), embraced the patriarchs of old, revitalizing them with divine life. In doing so, He established Himself as the source of life for all who live, just as Adam was the origin of all who perish.

Irenaeus (Klementjewsky)

18th centuryCommentator

Throughout the entirety of this era of persecution, our disgrace is ever-present before us; we are continually confronted with mockery and dishonor that envelops our faces like a shroud. This humiliation arises from the taunts of those who scorn and defame us—our adversaries and persecutors who scold us for our reverence towards the Crucified and accuse us of impiety for refusing to kneel before their idols. Furthermore, they unjustly attribute false charges to us, falsely claiming that we engage in infant sacrifice and incest, among other such slanders.

Read more (43 words)

This refers to the believers of the New Testament, whom the persecutors, lacking understanding of the Communion sacrament, wrongly suspected of committing heinous acts during their clandestine gatherings, mistaken as they prayed. Such accusations against Christians were particularly propagated by the apostate Julian.

Psalter with Commentaries (Cave Monastery in Kiew)

19th centuryCommentator

Regarding the title, Korey is referred to as Golgotha, or the place of the Throne; the sons of Korey signify those of endurance—those who mortify their flesh alongside its desires, the children of Christ (Galatians 5:24). This serves to convey that Christ bore suffering for everyone (1 Peter 2:21), as all have forsaken an image in order to follow His pathway; thus, those who endure suffering with Him will also share in His exaltation (2 Timothy 2:2; Romans 8:30). Listen, you who neglect your offspring, allowing them to sing songs of wickedness while disregarding Divine narratives. This behavior is not reflective of the ancients, who dedicated their lives to recounting the works of God.

Read more (288 words)

Parents used their words to guide their children towards understanding of God through such stories (Chrysostom). May Christ God bring an end to wickedness while fortifying those who place their trust in Him. You have caused bitterness among men, and you have driven out the Jews due to their lack of faith. The Mystery of the Holy Trinity reveals God the Father as the Hand, God the Son as the Muscle, and God the Holy Spirit as Enlightenment. The Cross of Christ bears the name Jesus, which instills fear in demons. Nature endowed horned creatures with horns in lieu of weapons; however, we received the name of Jesus Christ for our prayers (Theodoret). The demons detest Christ and find shame in His name. The entirety of human life on earth, alongside eternity in the Heavenly Kingdom, is marked throughout the day. God the Father has turned away from the Jews due to their rejection of Christ. The Jews have been dispersed across the earth for their disbelief, facing disgrace akin to that of demons. The prophet illustrates the plight of the Jews with lamentable imagery, prophesying the sorrows of the people. The repercussions of their actions toward Christ will return upon them: they reviled Him and shall themselves be reviled; they mocked Him, and so they too will be mocked; they shook their heads at Him, and others will shake their heads at them (Athanasius). Redirect your path away from the Jews on account of their disbelief in Christ. The testimonies of the holy martyrs, who suffered and perished for Christ, resonate like the voice of Adam. Sleep signifies the patience of God. The righteous anticipated the coming of Christ and salvation through the cross via the Resurrection.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.