The Church Fathers on this verse

Revelation 9:4Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And it was commanded them that they should not hurt the grass of the earth nor any green thing nor any tree: but only the men who have not the sign of God on their foreheads.

Douay-Rheims

και ερρεθη αυταις ινα μη αδικησωσιν τον χορτον της γης ουδε παν χλωρον ουδε παν δενδρον ει μη τους ανθρωπους οιτινες ουκ εχουσιν την σφραγιδα του θεου επι των μετωπων αυτων

Greek (Byzantine text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

3 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Andrew of Caesarea

6th centuryChurch Father

That the spiritual locusts wound men like scorpions points to the spiritual death hidden at the end of evil deeds. All are subject to this death who are not marked on their faces with the divine seal.

They have not been enlightened through the Holy Spirit by the light of the Life-giving Cross, so that their light, according to the Master's word, might shine before men (Mt 5:16) to the glory of the divine name.

Primasius of Hadrumetum

6th centuryChurch Father

By the grass of the earth are meant the lesser ones, who are nourished by the Christian milk of faith. By green growth are meant those who are beginning to cultivate within themselves the living shoot of virtues, whose fruit will not wither but will be abundant. The trees depict those members of the Church who have already borne spiritual fruit. Of the first it is said: "Who established the earth above the waters" (Ps 135:6), that is, the waters of baptism. Of the second: "Thou wilt rejoice in the drops of Thy rain when they go forth" (Ps 64:11). Of the third: "But I am like a fruitful olive tree in the house of God" (Ps 51:10). From all of them is composed that multitude of the elect whom the locusts are forbidden to harm, except those who do not have the sign of God on their forehead.

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For according to the apostle's word, "faith is not in all" (2 Thess 3:2). It is said that they darkened the sun, but did not extinguish it. Because of the abundance of iniquities, love may grow cold in many (cf. Mt 24:12). Yet, as it is written, "the firm foundation of God stands, having this seal: 'The Lord knows His own,' and, 'Let everyone who confesses the name of the Lord depart from unrighteousness'" (2 Tim 2:19).

Borodin P.M.

19th centuryChurch Father

From the smoke of scientific and technological progress, which darkens the sun and air to the point of ecological catastrophe, there comes forth a new ideology of technology, like the old Tower of Babel forgotten and then remembered again. It spreads across the whole maddened planet by means of the militant noise and clamor of the mass media. It exercises harmful dominion over the minds and hearts of men for a definite time, five months. This time is needed to prepare a generation incapable of being corrected or repenting from the coming admonitions. At the same time, its destructive nature is evident to all: to believers who speak the language of the knowledge of God, and to pagans who chiefly use the language of Hellenic wisdom.

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The locusts were commanded not to harm the earth or the grass, but only those people who do not possess signs of the spirit's dominion over the flesh. These people cannot withstand its false seductiveness, universal diffusion, and powerful influence. This contagious disease can pass by only those who avoid every influence of the spirit of this age upon their soul. According to Andrew of Caesarea, the locusts depict the evil demons prepared for battle against us. Their golden crowns indicate their victories over us. Their hair like women's hair speaks of demonic sensuality. Their lions' teeth speak of ferocity and a disposition toward murder. Their iron breastplates show hardheartedness. Their scorpion tails reveal the poisonousness of sin. The king of the locusts is the devil. The five months are the five senses through which the demons act upon man.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.

The original text

Greek text, 30 words with lemma, transliteration and Strong’s number. Tap to expand.

  1. καὶ
    kai
    and
    G2532 · καί
  2. ἐρρέθη
    errethē
    to say
    G2036 · ἔπω, ἐρῶ, εἶπον
  3. αὐταῖς
    autais
    he
    G846 · αὐτός
  4. ἵνα
    hina
    in order that
    G2443 · ἵνα
  5. μὴ
    mē
    not
    G3361 · μή
  6. ἀδικήσουσιν
    adikēsousin
    I act unjustly towards
    G91 · ἀδικέω
  7. τὸν
    ton
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  8. χόρτον
    chorton
    grass
    G5528 · χόρτος
  9. τῆς
    tēs
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  10. γῆς
    gēs
    the earth
    G1093 · γῆ
  11. οὐδὲ
    oude
    neither
    G3761 · οὐδέ
  12. πᾶν
    pan
    all
    G3956 · πᾶς
  13. χλωρὸν
    chlōron
    green
    G5515 · χλωρός
  14. οὐδὲ
    oude
    neither
    G3761 · οὐδέ
  15. πᾶν
    pan
    all
    G3956 · πᾶς
  16. δένδρον
    dendron
    a tree
    G1186 · δένδρον
  17. εἰ
    ei
    if
    G1487 · εἰ
  18. μὴ
    mē
    not
    G3361 · μή
  19. τοὺς
    tous
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  20. ἀνθρώπους
    anthrōpous
    a man
    G444 · ἄνθρωπος
  21. οἵτινες
    hoitines
    whosoever
    G3748 · ὅστις, ἥτις
  22. οὐκ
    ouk
    no
    G3756 · οὐ
  23. ἔχουσι
    echousi
    I have
    G2192 · ἔχω
  24. τὴν
    tēn
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  25. σφραγῖδα
    sphragida
    a signet-ring
    G4973 · σφραγίς
  26. τοῦ
    tou
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  27. Θεοῦ
    theou
    God
    G2316 · θεός
  28. ἐπὶ
    epi
    on
    G1909 · ἐπί
  29. τῶν
    tōn
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  30. μετώπων
    metōpōn
    the forehead
    G3359 · μέτωπον