The Church Fathers on this verse

1 Kingdoms (1 Samuel) 14:44Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And Saul said: May God do so and so to me, and add still more: for dying thou shalt die, O Jonathan.

Douay-Rheims

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֔וּל כֹּֽה־יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים וְכֹ֣ה יוֹסִ֑ף כִּֽי־מ֥וֹת תָּמ֖וּת יוֹנָתָֽן׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

3 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

Jonathan sampled honey from the end of a stick, and his vision was restored, though he unwittingly put his life at risk. The Scriptures affirm that he was unaware of his father's strict command not to consume any food until the Lord's victory was achieved. The Lord's anger was so intense that a lot was cast for Jonathan, who had been in hiding, and he openly admitted, "I have tasted a little honey with the end of the stick that is in my hand, and behold, I must die." However, he was spared through the prayers and pleas of the people, who implored Saul, "Shall Jonathan die, who has brought such a great salvation to Israel? Let it not be so!"

Maximus of Turin

5th centuryChurch Father

Breaking a declared fast is a serious transgression. To illustrate this, we can look at the account in the Book of Kings where Saul, the king of Israel, called for a fast for his soldiers during a conflict against foreign enemies. Immediately, while the army refrained from food, he engaged the enemy in battle. Saul demonstrated his worthiness as a ruler, ultimately triumphing through his devotion rather than mere weaponry, as his faith proved to be mightier than swords.

Read more (268 words)

However, when Saul's son Jonathan, unaware of his father's decree, tasted a bit of honey from the battlefield as the army pressed forward, it sparked immense anger and delayed their victory, ultimately displeasing God. As a result, the war extended, and God did not provide guidance to Saul. This story shows that Saul's success was rooted not in the mere might of his soldiers but in their adherence to fasting. The wrongdoing of one individual can bring about collective consequences, for when fasting is disregarded, the strength of the entire army falters.

Upon discovering the breach of the fast, Saul recognized it as a grave offense against God and declared that there would be no mercy for Jonathan, indicating that reparation could only come through the shedding of blood. This illustrates the seriousness of one's duty to God under King Saul, who was willing to go to such extremes with respect to his own kin. Consider the gravity of violating a fast, especially when such a severe consequence was implied. If Jonathan were to face death for unknowingly breaking his father’s fast, what fate awaits those who knowingly disregard the fast established by Christ?

Thus, dear brothers and sisters, let us earnestly adhere to the fast set before us, that we may triumph over both spiritual and earthly adversaries. We face physical foes as well, and through fasting, just as Saul's army managed to prevail, we too can defeat and contain them. We must be vigilant against temptations, for honey symbolizes the fleeting pleasures and sins of the world, which might seem sweet initially, but eventually turn bitter.

Gregory the Great

6th centuryChurch Father

It is important to recognize that the sin of gluttony can entice us in various ways. At times, it arises before we experience genuine hunger, seeking more extravagant dishes. Other moments find it insisting on more elaborate preparation for our meals. Occasionally, it may coincide with the appropriate quality and timing of our food but still demands an excessive amount. In some cases, despite longing for something simple, it sins more grievously due to its uncontrolled passion for desire. Jonathan indeed faced a death sentence from his father's decree, as he tasted the honey before the designated time for eating.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.