The Church Fathers on this verse

Luke 4:38Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And Jesus rising up out of the synagogue, went into Simon's house. And Simon's wife's mother was taken with a great fever: and they besought him for her.

Douay-Rheims

αναστας δε εκ της συναγωγης εισηλθεν εις την οικιαν σιμωνος πενθερα δε του σιμωνος ην συνεχομενη πυρετω μεγαλω και ηρωτησαν αυτον περι αυτης

Greek (Byzantine text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

9 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Theophylact of Bulgaria

11th centuryChurch Father

The Sovereign of all was sustained by the generosity of His followers, just as He is welcomed by Peter today and restores his mother-in-law's health, demonstrating that we should not turn away from the needs of those in poverty. He not only alleviates her illness but also grants her vitality and the strength to serve. Likewise, if we embrace Him, He will soothe our inner turmoil and reluctance, lifting us up so that we can fulfill His will, striving to do what delights Him.

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

Observe how He, who willingly accepted a life of humble scarcity for our benefit, enabling us to be enriched through His deprivation, chose to stay with one of His disciples—a man who was impoverished and lived in obscurity—so that we might understand the value of seeking companionship with the lowly and refrain from pride before those who are in need and experiencing hardship.

Ambrose of Milan

4th centuryChurch Father

It is also conceivable that the mother-in-law of Simon and Andrew symbolizes our human nature, fatigued by the countless fever of transgressions and consumed by the intense winds of divergent passions. One might suggest that the fever of love ignites the spirit just as a bodily fever ignites the flesh; both are forms of intense yearning—our fever takes the form of lust, as our passions incinerate us. Thus, the apostle admonishes, “If they cannot abstain, let them marry; for it is better to marry than to be inflamed” (1 Cor. 7:9). Our affliction encompasses indulgence, anger, and although these vices manifest physically, they ignite a fire within our bones and envelop our soul, spirit, and emotions. The trials instigated by the adversary first assail the soul.

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Material possessions, garments, and adornments serve merely as tools of the serpent’s persuasion. The allure of accolades, the magnificence of authority, the delight of sumptuous foods, and the allure of an immoral woman—these are all traps set by the devil (cf. Proverbs 7:21). The seductive rhetoric of the unclean spirit beguiles the flesh, which, while it weakens in its feminine delicacy, seeks to usurp the spirit from its rightful position of dominion (for the beauty of women is first perceived by the physical eye, not the spirit). What one fails to see, one fails to love; yet when the flesh craves, the soul begins to align with it, softening its resolve, and the mind, ensnared by affection, capitulates—both are united as one flesh (cf. Gen. 2:24; Mk. 10:7; 1 Cor. 6:16; Eph. 5:31). Through the devil's temptations and the prompting of the flesh, sin enters, and death follows.

However, the affliction of the soul is more powerful than any physical illness, often leading one to jeopardize their bodily well-being in pursuit of spiritual satisfaction, ignoring risks. It is fitting to recall Theotimus, who, despite suffering from a grave eye ailment, was fiercely devoted to his wife. Despite the physician's warning against intimacy, he succumbed to his impatience in a moment of passion, unable to hold back. Aware that he faced potential blindness, before being with his wife he declared, “Farewell, dear light,” highlighting the peril of passion's grip far exceeding that of fever—it is far more destructive and consuming.

Once a person regains clarity following a period of darkness, they will inevitably open the inner eye of conscience, prompting remorse for their actions, leading to shame over their wrongdoings. At this moment, the sinner begins to tremble before God, desiring to conceal their faults yet finding no refuge. He reproaches the flesh, blaming the devil—identifying her as the facilitator of vices and him as the source of sin. His own wretchedness becomes apparent, for every hidden thing is laid bare before God, and the fig leaves of bodily coverings and worldly accolades cannot hide the hidden wickedness (cf. Gen. 3:7). As a result, man, burdened by guilt, begins to dread divine judgment, uttering, “What mountains will fall on me, in what crevices will I hide when He comes to break the earth?” (cf. Hos. 10:8; Lk. 23:30; Is. 2:21). The flesh gives rise to thorns and brambles within the soul (cf. Gen. 3:18; Hos. 10:8), manifesting as the bitter remorse and anguish that the soul has prepared through carnal desires. Thus, earthly pleasures ensnare the soul, making it difficult for it to ascend once more without divine assistance after it has fallen. It is now ensnared by its own pursuits and shackled by the shadows of worldly allure.

The Lord came to redeem Adam and Eve; He was formed in the likeness of God, and she received strength through her husband (cf. Gen. 1:27; Gen. 2:23). While Eve remained submissive to the stronger one, they collectively adhered to the divine will and lived a celestial existence in paradise. However, when the flesh succumbed to different inclinations and disregarded the divine commandments, both were justly expelled from paradise (cf. Gen. 3:23), falling into sin’s abyss. No one should find it strange that Adam and Eve represent the soul and body, just as they are also seen as symbols of the Church and Christ. The apostle states that the two shall become one flesh (Eph. 5:31) and continues, “This mystery is great; I speak concerning Christ and the Church” (Eph. 5:32). The divine designation of the Most High lends assurance that our soul, too, possesses a mysterious significance.

Yet the soul remains bound, nailed, and captive, suffering alongside the flesh, tormented by physical ailments. A healer is essential! Is there a person capable of aiding others while unable to aid themselves? Who can restore life to others if they themselves cannot evade death? For, “All in Adam die” (1 Cor. 15:22). Concerning one man, sin entered the world; through sin, death ensued, and thus death spread to all humanity, for all sinned in him (Rom. 5:12). Consequently, his transgression brought about the demise of all. Then came the saints and prophets, proclaiming the divine will, yet they achieved little. Let us seek a healer among the angels and archangels. But how can they assist me in overcoming sin if even the archangel could not avoid it? (cf. Jude 1:6) How might an angel lead me back to paradise, when Satan and his angels could not retain their divine abode?

Euthymios Zigabenos

11th centuryCommentator

In the passage concerning Peter's mother-in-law, it is clearly explained in Matthew's Gospel, particularly in the eighth chapter. The verb used here, which we translate as ‘asked’, conveys a request rather than a command, as seen in variations like ‘begged’ or ‘prayed’. This literal understanding helps avoid redundancy in interpretation. For further context, one may refer to Matthew 4:24.

Alexander Gorsky

19th centuryCommentator

The Savior chose to share the Sabbath meal at the home of Simon. To demonstrate His deep affection for him and to strengthen their bond, as well as to loosen the existing connections to Simon's family and home, He sought to encourage their readiness for separation. Upon His arrival at Simon's residence, He promptly healed his mother-in-law, who was suffering from a high fever.

Bogolepow D.P.

19th centuryCommentator

After leaving the synagogue, Christ arrived at the home of Simon and Andrew, who were from Bethsaida (John 1:44). In this house, Simon's mother-in-law was critically ill with a high fever, so they immediately sought the Lord's aid on her behalf. When Jesus approached her, He reached out to touch her (Mt.), took her by the hand (Mk.), and commanded the fever to leave her (Lk.).

Gladkow B.I.

19th centuryCommentator

They arrived at the home of Simon, whose mother-in-law was afflicted with a high fever. Luke the Evangelist indicates that her condition was quite serious. It is apparent that Simon, Andrew, and their companions, having witnessed Jesus healing others, sought His assistance for her recovery. The healing, as was the case in every instance of Jesus restoring the sick, occurred instantly: the fever departed from her, and she began to minister to them (Mark 1:31). A fever, particularly one that is severe, significantly weakens the individual so that even after healing, they struggle to rise from bed and require support to walk.

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Yet, once healed by Jesus from this severe fever, Simon's mother-in-law not only arose but also began to serve them, indicating that not only had her affliction been removed but her strength had also been fully restored. This reveals the unique nature of the miracle that Jesus performed for the mother-in-law of Simon Peter.

Lopuchin A.P.

19th centuryCommentator

Christ departed from the synagogue and came to Simon Peter's home. There, He encountered additional cries for assistance in their afflictions. Simon, who had already been chosen as an apostle, was married, and his mother-in-law was suffering from a high fever. The distressed family sought Christ’s aid. The Savior approached the ill woman, grasped her hand, lifted her up, and commanded the fever to leave; His words, resonating through her entire being, vanquished the source of her illness. The woman was healed instantly, rose up, and began to serve them in the household.

Paul Matwejewski

19th centuryCommentator

Following the miraculous healing of the man possessed by demons in the synagogue, Jesus Christ arrived at the home of Simon and Andrew, who were brothers from Bethsaida, a village situated by the lake near Capernaum. Upon arrival, He encountered the sorrow of humanity: Simon's mother-in-law was gravely ill with a high fever. The afflicted woman was promptly brought to the attention of the Lord, who was implored to assist her. Ever compassionate and loving, He willingly responded to this plea. Approaching the sick woman, He took her hand, lifted her up, and immediately the fever departed from her. She was fully restored, rose from her bed, and began to serve, preparing a meal for the Lord and His disciples.

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This act of service, as noted by the Evangelist, highlighted both the woman’s devotion to Christ and the power of Christ, which rejuvenated her to full health. This miracle not only strengthened the disciples' faith in the divine calling of the Master but also brought comfort to Simon and instilled a willingness in his family to separate from him, as they were now called to follow the Lord.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.

The original text

Greek text, 23 words with lemma, transliteration and Strong’s number. Tap to expand.

  1. Ἀναστὰς
    anastas
    I raise up
    G450 · ἀνίστημι
  2. δὲ
    de
    but
    G1161 · δέ
  3. ἀπὸ
    apo
    from
    G575 · ἀπό
  4. τῆς
    tēs
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  5. συναγωγῆς
    synagōgēs
    an assembly
    G4864 · συναγωγή
  6. εἰσῆλθεν
    eisēlthen
    I go in
    G1525 · εἰσέρχομαι
  7. εἰς
    eis
    into
    G1519 · εἰς
  8. τὴν
    tēn
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  9. οἰκίαν
    oikian
    a house
    G3614 · οἰκία
  10. Σίμωνος
    simōnos
    Simon
    G4613 · Σίμων
  11. πενθερὰ
    penthera
    a mother-in-law
    G3994 · πενθερά
  12. δὲ
    de
    but
    G1161 · δέ
  13. τοῦ
    tou
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  14. Σίμωνος
    simōnos
    Simon
    G4613 · Σίμων
  15. ἦν
    ēn
    I am
    G1510 · εἰμί
  16. συνεχομένη
    synechomenē
    I press together
    G4912 · συνέχω
  17. πυρετῷ
    pyretō
    a fever
    G4446 · πυρετός
  18. μεγάλῳ
    megalō
    large
    G3173 · μέγας
  19. καὶ
    kai
    and
    G2532 · καί
  20. ἠρώτησαν
    ērōtēsan
    I ask
    G2065 · ἐρωτάω
  21. αὐτὸν
    auton
    he
    G846 · αὐτός
  22. περὶ
    peri
    about
    G4012 · περί
  23. αὐτῆς
    autēs
    he
    G846 · αὐτός