The Church Fathers on this verse

Ruth 1:20Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

But she said to them: Call me not Noemi (that is, beautiful,) but call me Mara (that is, bitter), for the Almighty hath quite filled me with bitterness.

Douay-Rheims

וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֔ן אַל־תִּקְרֶ֥אנָה לִ֖י נָעֳמִ֑י קְרֶ֤אןָ לִי֙ מָרָ֔א כִּי־הֵמַ֥ר שַׁדַּ֛י לִ֖י מְאֹֽד׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

2 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Gregory the Great

6th centuryChurch Father

In describing the profound joy found in contemplation, you have prompted me to deeply reflect on my fallen nature, as I recognize the treasures I have lost within, despite having ascended, undeservedly, to a position of authority. Understand that I am overwhelmed by such intense grief that words escape me; sorrow's dark veil obscures the vision of my soul. Everything my gaze encounters seems sorrowful; the things that should bring joy appear wretched to me. I contemplate the dire state into which I have descended, having fallen from the pinnacle of my peace. Banished due to my sins into the toil of distance from the Lord's presence, I weep in accordance with the prophet's lament for the devastated Jerusalem: my eye, my eye sheds tears, for the Comforter is far from me (Lamentations 1:16).

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Indeed, dear friend, I feel as if I have lost my children, having abandoned the ways of righteousness for the distractions of this world. Therefore, do not refer to me as Naomi, meaning ‘pleasant,’ but rather call me Mara, for I am filled with bitterness.

Dimitri of Rostov

17th centuryChurch Father

Amidst the afflictions of poverty, widowhood, and desolation, Naomi expressed, "Do not call me Noemi (meaning beautiful), but refer to me as Mara (meaning bitter), for the Almighty has brought great grief upon me." Yet, in her multitude of woes, she found deep solace in Ruth, her daughter-in-law, who remained steadfastly by her side, bound to her by a profound love: "Where you go, I will go; and where you dwell, I will dwell; your people shall be my people, and your God my God; and where you die, I will die and be buried; death alone will part us" (Ruth 1:16-17). We too face no lesser troubles, both outwardly and inwardly. The physical man suffers from ailments: weakness of the body, lack of speech, the decay of strength—similar to the plight of that woman.

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The inner man is weakened by sin, rendered mute by his refusal to acknowledge wrongs, and like a shriveled hand, he possesses a will that lacks the intent for good to become realized. Nevertheless, in the midst of these challenges, we find immense comfort in the Most Holy Mother of God, provided our faith in Her is unwavering, our hope remains steadfast, and our love united. Naomi, bereft of her husband and children, was in need of comfort from her bitter grief. Who could bridge that gap? Ruth could. Yet, what comfort could Ruth offer, being in her own state of poverty and loss? She served as a prefiguration of Mary, the Mother of our Lord, as she too was among Christ’s ancestors: "Boaz begat Obed by Ruth; Obed begat Jesse; Jesse begat David the king" (Matt. 1:5-6), David being an earthly ancestor of Christ. This reality was Naomi’s source of consolation. When she laid eyes upon Ruth, her heart leapt, internally acknowledging that from her lineage would emerge the joy for the entire cosmos—Jesus, the Son of Mary. If merely the shadow of Mary could convert sorrow into joy, then surely Mary herself, the Mother of all consolation, will provide comfort through all our trials and heal both our inner and outer selves! Let us approach her with faith and bind ourselves to her with the same devotion that Ruth had to Naomi, that we might remain close to her throughout our lives. O Lady, be with us always until the end of the age!

The mourning husband. Do not inquire, Father, about the reason for my anguish, lest you add to my heart's torment. If I start to recount in detail the injustices permitted by God, my soul will be overwhelmed with sorrow, and rather than find comfort, I will be drawn into deep weeping—my grief mirrors that of Naomi, who lamented, "Do not call me Naomi (beautiful), but call me Mara (bitter), for the Almighty has sent me great sorrow." Elder of consolation, recognize that the bitterness of sorrow you have received is by God’s will; let Job serve as your model, who stated, "If we receive good things at the hand of the Lord, shall we not endure evil things?" (Job 2:10). Even that which may appear evil is permitted by the Lord’s designs and cannot truly be evil. As the holy will of God upon us is never malevolent but always benevolent and full of grace, everything occurring according to His purpose is for our welfare, not our harm, for our edification, not our downfall. Do we not intimate our desires to our heavenly Father daily, asserting, "Thy will be done" (Matthew 6:10)? It cannot be the divine desire to inflict evil upon us, for the Lord declares, "I do not take pleasure in the death of the wicked" (Ezek. 18:32). Does a father wish ill for his son, or does a mother desire misfortune for her daughter? In the same regard, God does not intend harm for us but wishes only our good, orchestrating all things for our benefit. He permits trials to come our way to prevent our pride, akin to a father disciplining a beloved son, or a mother correcting a daughter to guide her toward virtue. Likewise, our God permits sorrow so that we may recognize His authority over us, cultivate reverence, and walk humbly in His presence while adhering to His commands. Therefore, do not be excessively mournful, O Christian, as you observe the temporary sorrows permitted by God for your ultimate good; instead, embrace all with gratitude and declare, "Yes, Father, for this was Your good pleasure" (Matthew 11:26).

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.