The Church Fathers on this verse

Isaiah 21:10Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

O my thrashing, and the children of my floor, that which I have heard of the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, I have declared unto you.

Douay-Rheims

מְדֻשָׁתִ֖י וּבֶן־גָּרְנִ֑י אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי מֵאֵ֨ת יְהוָ֧ה צְבָא֛וֹת אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הִגַּ֥דְתִּי לָכֶֽם׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

4 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

The people of Israel were taken captive and enslaved by the Babylonians, a consequence permitted by God due to their numerous transgressions, which led to prolonged suffering. Nevertheless, many individuals still resided in Jerusalem and Judah, yet they continually groaned and wept, as their land lay desolate, their sacred temple was in ashes, and Jerusalem was reduced to ruins.

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Thus, for their encouragement, the prophet wisely concludes the vision, proclaiming to them, "Hear, you who remain, and you who are afflicted, listen: what I have received from the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, I declare to you." For He was fully aware of the tragic future awaiting the Babylonians, which would surely bring them joy, and the account of those who had inflicted such suffering would serve to comfort those who had been so deeply oppressed.

Ephraem the Syrian

4th centuryChurch Father

The Lord has shared with me… and I will reveal it to you. This aligns with what is written, ‘The Lord of lords will not perform His work without disclosing His secrets to His servants the prophets’ (Am. 3:7).

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

Thus says the Lord to me: Appoint a watchman, and let him declare whatever he observes. He beheld a chariot drawn by two horsemen, one mounted on a donkey and the other on a camel. He observed intently and cried out like a lion. For thus says the Lord to me: Appoint a watchman for yourself, and whatever he sees, let it be reported. I saw two horsemen, one on a donkey and one on a camel. I heard numerous tidings and summoned Uriah to the watchtower. The prophet is commanded to maintain vigilance in his heart and to carefully observe the occurrences in the world. The two horsemen symbolize various interpretations; the one on the donkey, in light of the Gospel (Matthew 21) and the prophecy of Zechariah (Zechariah 9), refers to Christ.

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In contrast, the one on the camel is seen as representing opposing forces because of the unseemliness of the camel. Others understand the two as emblematic of the letter and spirit and connect them to the two covenants.

The Hebrew term "arie," commonly translated as lion by Aquila and Symmachus, was rendered as "Uriah" in the LXX, the meaning of which is unclear. Some believe it signifies the light of the Lord, although the term for the light is spelled differently. This reference to Uriah may suggest the name of the guard that the prophet is instructed to set in his heart, alluding to Christ, meaning that through His presence within us, we can perceive future events. The symbolism of the lion also aligns with how Christ is referenced by Jacob (Genesis 49) and Balaam (Numbers 23).

I stand continuously on the watchtower of the Lord, by day and night. Behold, he approaches, a man on a chariot drawn by two horses, declaring that Babylon has fallen, and its idols are cast down to the ground. My threshing floor and the offspring of my threshing floor! What I have relayed from the Lord of Hosts, the God of Israel, I have shared with you. The Lord has declared that I stood all day and watched over the encampment all night. Look, he comes, seated on a two-horse chariot, proclaiming that Babylon has fallen.

The prophet announces this message of impending judgment. He who observes from the watchtower has seen what is forthcoming—namely, the imminent arrival of the Lord Savior upon a two-horse chariot, drawing a donkey and a camel. This charioteer tells the expectant prophet that the conglomeration known as Babylon has fallen, a foreshadowing of its ultimate demise at the end of time. All its idols lie shattered upon the ground, referred to in the LXX as man-made idols, pointing to the errors propagated by idolaters who revere the fabrications of their hearts.

What the prophet states after “my threshing floor and the son of my threshing floor” conveys a meaning concerning those who will be gathered into the Lord's storehouse, having been threshed through various tribulations to remove the chaff, gathering only the purest wheat. This message, borne from the Lord of Hosts, is directed to all those who inhabit the world.

The LXX translates the encouragement for the remnant to hear and mourn, suggesting that those left are the apostles, echoing Isaiah's prophecy that if the Lord had not preserved a remnant, they would be like Sodom and Gomorrah. This remnant, as highlighted in the apostle's teaching to the Romans, are those saved among the Jewish people who mourn for their nation’s destruction. Thus, the prophet articulates what he has heard from God the Father concerning the future of His people.

Eusebius of Caesarea

4th centuryTeacher of the Church

O my harvester and offspring of my harvest field! What I have received from the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, I have proclaimed to you. Observe that he does not summon all the circumcised to listen to the indescribable truths, but only those whom he names forsaken and weary. These were the individuals during the time of the apostles who lamented and mourned over the depravity of human existence.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.