Theophylact of Bulgaria
Why did the disciples find these words astonishing? Had they never experienced wealth themselves? In this instance, I believe they were concerned for all humanity, as they were starting to develop a love for others.
Who wondered the more, saying among themselves: Who then can be saved?
οι δε περισσως εξεπλησσοντο λεγοντες προς εαυτους και τις δυναται σωθηναι
7 Church Fathers comment on this verse
Why did the disciples find these words astonishing? Had they never experienced wealth themselves? In this instance, I believe they were concerned for all humanity, as they were starting to develop a love for others.
Considering the challenges associated with such a transformation of inner attitude, this shift from one basis to another left the holy Apostles in a state of greater confusion as they exclaimed, 'who can be saved?' (cf. Mt 19:25).
Upon the young man's departure, the Lord expressed to His disciples the challenge posed by wealth in relation to entering the kingdom of heaven. In this context, "wealth" encompasses not merely financial assets and property but all that individuals hold dear as possessions, excluding God. The disciples, interpreting His words quite literally, questioned, "Who then can be saved if attachment to worldly things excludes one from the kingdom of God?" The Lord responded that what seems impossible for humanity is attainable through God’s power. Although man struggles to liberate himself from earthly attachments alone, he can find this freedom through God's grace. Each disciple reflected on their own situation.
They believed they had made significant sacrifices for the Lord, having forsaken their families, homes, and belongings. Yet, simultaneously, they sensed a lack of the purity and detachment that the Lord expected from them. What should they anticipate? Would their outcome be similar to that of the young man?
As the young man left, Jesus turned around to capture the attention of those around Him and proclaimed, "How hard it is for those who possess wealth to enter the kingdom of God!" The disciples were taken aback by His statement. Jesus reiterated His message, refining it to reveal the underlying reason for the challenges faced by the wealthy: "How hard it is for those who trust in their riches to enter the kingdom of God!" He illustrated His point further with the saying, "It is easier for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God." The disciples
remained astonished by His words and questioned Him, "Then who can be saved?" Each individual struggles with various sinful inclinations, and many worldly dependencies can be more intense and corrupting than an obsession with wealth. If it is so challenging for a rich person to achieve salvation, then who has hope? Jesus responded, "With man this is impossible, but with God all things are possible." It is indeed tough for anyone who is attached to material possessions or any earthly pursuits to attain salvation, as breaking free from the shackles of sin is no easy task; such liberation can only be achieved through the grace of God.
Upon hearing this analogy, the apostles were taken aback, believing that Christ was referring to wealthy individuals in general. They then queried, "Then who is able to be saved?"
In a world where few affluent individuals are not bound to their riches, the disciples were taken aback by this notion and instinctively cried out, "Who then can be saved?" Like many of their fellow Jews, they viewed wealth as a unique sign of God's favor, while secretly nurturing the hope of an earthly reign of the Messiah, in which they expected a prominent role. This led them to wonder about their own fate.
Peter then spoke up, saying, "Behold, we have left everything to follow You; what will happen to us?" Christ, offering them reassurance, unveiled their magnificent future: "Truly I say to you," He declared, "those of you who have followed Me will, in the regeneration, when the Son of Man sits on the throne of His glory, you also will sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel."
The young man's departure illustrated that the pursuit of material wealth can serve as a formidable barrier for many in their journey towards the heavenly realm. The Lord surveyed His disciples and remarked, "How difficult it is for those who possess riches to enter the kingdom of God! Truly, I tell you, it is easier for a poor man to enter the kingdom of heaven." According to St. John Chrysostom, "Wealth is inherently neutral; it can be beneficial or detrimental, depending on the intentions of those who wield it." St.
Basil the Great adds that “for the righteous, wealth acts as a tool for benevolence, while for the indulgent and corporeal, it becomes a source of luxury." The gravity of the Lord's declaration struck the disciples deeply, filling them with dread at the harshness of this teaching. He then emphasized with renewed strength: "Children, how hard it is for those who rely on riches to enter the Kingdom of God! It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a wealthy person to enter into the Kingdom of God." This illustrates the narrow path leading to the Kingdom of Heaven, in stark contrast to the burdensome and inappropriate nature of wealth, as noted by St. John Chrysostom. The Savior employed a common proverb of the era to convey the immense challenge, if not impossibility, of achieving this feat. Upon hearing this, the disciples were profoundly astonished and began to question among themselves, "Who then can be saved?" They expressed their confusion regarding others, despite their own humble circumstances, noting how hard it would be to find individuals who showed true piety. The Teacher of divine truth, with a gentle and calming gaze, soothed their troubled hearts and clarified their uncertainty, as stated by St. John Chrysostom, by encouraging them to view salvation not through the lens of human frailty, but through the infinite power of God, reminding them, "With man this is impossible, but not with God; for with God all things are possible."
Passages read together with this verse.
Greek text, 11 words with lemma, transliteration and Strong’s number. Tap to expand.